Maps
- Transitivity and locus ratio maps
- Customizable transitivity and locus map
- Customizable predicate-pair map
How to cite
Say, Sergey and Dmitry Nikolaev. 2021. Maps. In: Say, Sergey (ed.). BivalTyp: Typological database of bivalent verbs and their encoding frames. St. Petersburg: Institute for Linguistic Studies, RAS. (Available online at https://www.bivaltyp.info, Accessed on .)
Transitivity and locus ratio maps
These four maps display the ratios of transitive predicates and of three types of intransitive patterns in the languages of the sample. The three types of intransitive patterns are distinguished based on whether the first argument (X), the second argument (Y), or both arguments (X and Y) are encoded by oblique devices; see the section on locus in How to read the data for more detail.
Ratios of transitive predicates
Colour codes:
- – 60–81%
- – 53–59%
- – 47–52%
- – 40–46%
- – 27–39%
Values above 81% and below 27% have not been observed.
Ratios of predicates with the first argument (X) encoded by oblique devices
Colour codes:
- – 13–23%
- – 7–12%
- – 5–6%
- – 3–4%
- – below 3%
Values above 23% have not been observed.
Ratios of predicates with the second argument (Y) encoded by oblique devices
Colour codes:
- – 50–65%
- – 45–49%
- – 38–44%
- – 30–37%
- – 16–29%
Values above 65% and below 16% have not been observed.
Ratios of predicates with both arguments (XY) encoded by oblique devices
Colour codes:
- – 8–12%
- – 5–7%
- – 3–4%
- – 1–2%
- – 0 occurrences
Customizable transitivity and locus map
This map shows whether translation equivalents of a given predicate (‘attack’, ‘be afraid’, etc.) belong to the transitive class in the languages of the sample. Non-transitive equivalents are further divided into three types based on their locus of intransitivity, i.e., whether the first argument (X), the second argument (Y), or both arguments are encoded by oblique devices. See How to read the data for more detail on locus.
Colour codes:
- – transitive
- – X-locus (the first argument is encoded by an oblique device)
- – Y-locus (the second argument is encoded by an oblique device)
- – XY-locus (both arguments are encoded by oblique devices)
- – no data
Customizable predicate-pair map
This map shows whether translation equivalents of two selected predicates (e.g., ‘be afraid’ and ‘avoid’) pattern together in terms of their valency class in individual languages. Note that the equivalents are considered belonging to the same valency class if and only if their first and second arguments are aligned (e.g., the classes tagged “DAT_NOM” and “NOM_DAT” in Russian are considered two different classes for the purposes of the project). See How to read the data for more detail on how language-specific valency patterns are identified.
Colour codes:
- – the two equivalents belong to the same valency class
- – the two equivalents belong to different valency classes
- – no data (for at least one of the predicates)