BivalTyp

‘be squeamish’

Argument frame: X (be squeamish) about Y
Stimulus sentence: P. is squeamish about dirty dishes .
Predicate label Ru: брезговать
Argument frame Ru: X (брезговать) Y -ом
Stimulus sentence Ru: П. брезгует грязной посудой .

Abaza [ĉ-]maχača

Valency pattern: ABS_MAL
X: ABS
Y: MAL
Locus: Y
zaréma á-maĉa–ḟej d-a-ĉə́-maχač-əj-ṭ
pn def -dishes–dirty 3 sg . h . abs -3 sg . n . io - mal -be_squeamish- prs - dcl
‘Zarema is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Adyghe (West Circassian) ze-pesə + NEG

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
pŝaŝe-m haqʷəšəqʷə–ṣ̂ʷej-xe-r ze-r-jə-pesə-r-ep
girl- obl dishes–dirty- pl - abs rfl . io - dat -3 sg . erg -deign- dyn - neg
‘The girl is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Aghul karih-tːi + ‘be’

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
aslan.a-s kur.u qːab-ar karih-tːi a
pn - dat get_dirty. pf ( ptcp ) dishes- pl disgusting- adv { in }be: prs
‘Aslan is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Akhvakh (Northern) rak’wa bixuruƛa

Valency pattern: POSS_EL
X: POSS
Y: EL
Locus: XY
pataħi-ƛƛi rak’wa b-ix-iri čoroka qqot’o-ššet’o-ɬɬi-gune
pn - gen heart n -hold- ipf 3 dirty plate-cup- obl - el
‘Patahi is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level argument.

Andi (Zilo) joʃ.u-mado- + NEG

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPER
X: NOM
Y: SUPER
Locus: Y
pat’imati hek’u qχ’aj-ʔa joʃ.u-mado-sːu
pn [ f ][ nom ] dirty possessions- super enjoy. pst - prog - neg
‘Patimat is disgusted by the dirty dishes.

Arabic (Jewish Baghdadi) lˁb

Valency pattern: EXT_men
X: EXT
Y: men
Locus: XY
Abrahām tǝlˁab nafs-u mǝn-ṃaˁīn wǝsxi
pn play. ipf .3 fs soul- poss .3 ms from-vessel. pl dirty. pl
‘Abraham is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Arabic (Northern Syrian) qərəf

Valency pattern: SBJ_men
X: SBJ
Y: men
Locus: Y
Aḥmad yəqraf mən əl-kāsa l-wāsxa
pn be_repulsed. ipfv .3 m from def -glass( f ) def -dirty( f )
‘Ahmad is repulsed by the dirty glass.’

Arabic (South Levantine, Nazareth) ʾ.r.f

Valency pattern: SBJ_min
X: SBJ
Y: min
Locus: Y
Reem btiʾraf min iṣ-ṣḥūn il-wisxa
pn be.disgusted. prs .3 f . sg from def -dish. pl def -dirty
‘Reem is disgusted at the dishes.’
Note: This sentence is semantically slightly different from the stimulus.

Arabic (standard) taḥassasa

Valency pattern: NOM_minGEN
X: NOM
Y: minGEN
Locus: Y
Maryam-u tataḥassasu min al-Ɂaṭbāq-i l-wasiḫ-at-i
pn - nom be_squeamish. ipf .3 f from def -dish. pl - gen def -dirty- f - gen
‘Maryam is squeamish about dirty dishes’
Note: This sentence can be semantically slightly different from the stimulus.

Archi ʟʼan -kes + NEG

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
paša-s qʼˁabʁˁ-du-t gel kʼočʼo ʟʼan ke-r-tʼu
pn - dat be.dirty- attr -4 cup dish want 4.become- ipfv - neg
‘Pasha does not like dirty dishes.’
Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence. Non-verbal predicate (stative).

Armenian (Eastern) zzvel

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Petros-ə zzvum+ē keγtot spask’-ic’
pn [ nom ]- def be_squeamish: prs :3 sg dirty dishes- abl
‘Petros is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic gangəz

Valency pattern: SBJ_men
X: SBJ
Y: men
Locus: Y
xat-i di ganguz=əla mən šəxtanə manə čamčə
sister( f )- p .1 sg obl . pron .1 sg loathe. prog =3 f from dirty. pl vessel( m ). pl spoon( m ). pl
‘My sister is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Avar rak’ q’aze

Valency pattern: GEN_LOC
X: GEN
Y: LOC
Locus: XY
ʕali-l rak’ q’a-la čur-ič’e-b c’araʕ-alda
pn - gen heart fix- ipf wash- pf . neg . ptcp - n dishes- obl . loc
‘Ali is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level dependent.

Azerbaijani iyrǝnmək

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Aslan çirkli qab-lar-dan iyrǝn-ir
pn dirty plate- pl - abl be_disgusted- ipfv (3)
‘Aslan is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Bafut *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Bambara ɲúgun

Valency pattern: SBJ_la
X: SBJ
Y: la
Locus: Y
Sékù bɛ ɲúgun ntòri` lá
pn ipfv abhor frog\ art in
‘Seku abhors frogs.’

Bartangi

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Belarusian hrebavać

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Alieś hrebu-je brudn-ym posud-am
pn [ nom . sg ] be_squeamish( ipfv )- prs .3 sg dirty- ins . sg . m dishes- ins . sg
‘Ales is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Budugh igrenmi yıxhar

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
aslan ʕaka qab-ra'r igrenmi yıxhar-i
pn stick. pfv ( ptcp ) vessel- pl . abl disgusted m .be. ipfv - nonpst
‘Aslan is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Bulgarian gnusya se

Valency pattern: SBJ_ot
X: SBJ
Y: ot
Locus: Y
Petăr se gnusi ot mrăsn-i sădove
pn refl disgust( ipfv ). prs .3 sg from dirty- pl dish. pl
‘Petar is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Catalan fer fàstic

Valency pattern: NDIR.OBJ_SBJ
X: NDIR.OBJ
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
al Pere li fan fàstic els plat-s brut-s
to. def . sg . m pn ( m ) dat .3 sg make.3 pl . prs . ind disgust( m ) def . pl . m dish( m )- pl dirty( m )- pl
‘Pere is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Chechen degaz xieta

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
Islam-ana boexa pgheghash degaz xieta
pn - dat dirty dishes. abs disgusting seem. prs
‘Islam is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Chinese (Mandarin) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Chirag čar-b-aši

Valency pattern: ABS_SUPER.ELAT
X: ABS
Y: SUPER.ELAT
Locus: Y
ʡa̰le nisːa-la matrat-a-rka ča-r-w-ax-le
pn ( abs ) we. excl - gen dish- pl -( super ) elat super - elat - m . sg -walk: ipf - dur . prs .3
‘Ali is squeamish about our dishes.’

Croatian gaditi se

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Per-i se gadi prljav-o suđ-e
pn - dat . sg refl disgust( ipfv ). prs .3 sg dirty- nom . sg . n dishes- nom . sg
‘Pero is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Czech štítit se

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Petr se štítí špinav-ého nádob-í
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] refl . acc be.squeamish( ipfv ). prs .3 sg dirty- n . gen . sg dishes( n )- gen . sg
‘Petr is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Danish være sart

Valency pattern: SBJ_overfor
X: SBJ
Y: overfor
Locus: Y
Peter er sart overfor snavset opvask
pn be. prs sensitive. c . sg against dirty. c . sg washing_up( c ). sg
‘Peter is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Dargwa (Itsari) a-B-ičː-aq-uj

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Islam-li-j d-aˤš-un t'alħaˤna a-d-ičː-aq-u
pn - obl - super ( lat ) npl -make_dirty. pfv - aor ( ptcp ) dishes( abs ) neg - npl -love. ipfv - caus - prs . hab
‘Islam dislikes dirty dishes.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.

Dargwa (Kadar) naz-CL-uk'-as (IPFV)

Valency pattern: NOM_EL
X: NOM
Y: EL
Locus: Y
meħamad naz-0-uk'-ar nas-il posuda-l-zaka
pn squeamish- m -say. ipfv - th dirt- atr dishes- obl - el
‘Muhammad is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Dargwa (Kaytag) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Dargwa (Kubachi)

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Dargwa (Tsudakhar) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Dargwa (Tsugni) urk'i čːar-d-ik'ʷ-i

Valency pattern: GEN_SUPER(LAT)
X: GEN
Y: SUPER(LAT)
Locus: XY
durħaˤ-la waˤ-ce q'ʷaˤʡ-li-ge urk'i čːar-d-ik'ʷ-ar
boy- gen bad- atr smell- obl - super ( lat ) heart back- npl -say-3 hab . prs
‘The boy is squeamish about the smell.’
Note: NP in the genitive is arguably a clause-level dependent.

Dutch vies zijn

Valency pattern: SBJ_van
X: SBJ
Y: van
Locus: Y
Piet is vies van viez-e bord-en
pn ( c ) cop .3 sg averse from dirty- pl dish( n )- pl
‘Piet is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Enets (Forest) nɔsoza

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
ɛke nɛ modʲinaʔ kizi-naʔ nɔsoza
this woman we vessel- pl .1 pl be_squeamish( ipfv ).3 sg . s
‘This woman is squeamish about our dishes’.

English be squeamish

Valency pattern: SBJ_about
X: SBJ
Y: about
Locus: Y
Peter is squeamish about dirty dishes.
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Estonian pirtsakas olema

Valency pattern: NOM_GENsuhtes
X: NOM
Y: GENsuhtes
Locus: Y
Peeter on musta-de nõu-de suhtes pirtsakas
pn . sg . nom be. prs .3 sg dirty- pl . gen dish- pl . gen about squeamish
‘Peeter is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Finnish karsastaa

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
Pekka karsast-aa likais-i-a asti-oi-ta
pn . nom be.squeamish- prs .3 sg dirty- pl - part dish- pl - part
‘Pekka is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

French être dégoûté

Valency pattern: SBJ_par
X: SBJ
Y: par
Locus: Y
Paul est dégoûté par la vaisselle sale
pn ( m ) be. prs .3 sg disgust. pst . ptcp . m by def . sg . f dishes( f ) dirty. sg . f
‘Paul is disgusted by dirty dishes.’
Note: Passive construction.

Gascon hèn narri

Valency pattern: NDIR.OBJ_SBJ
X: NDIR.OBJ
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
los plat-s sales hèn narri a Pèir
def . pl . m dish- pl dirty. pl . m pn make. prs .3 pl disgust to pn
‘Pèir is disgusted by dirty dishes.’

Gban gbí … bò

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
wè vlɔ̰̏=lè sȁ̰ ∅ Zá̰ gbí bó
animal rot= nmlz stink 3 sg pn breast ipfv \remove
‘Zan is disgusted by the stink of rotten meat.’
Note: Not included in the database because both X and Y are expressed as NP-internal modifiers.

Georgian Ø-e-zizγ-eb-a (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
p'et're-s č'uč'q'ian-i č'urč'el-i Ø-e-zizγ-eb-a
pn - dat dirty- nom plates&dishes- nom io 3- ver : r -be_squeamish- sm - s 3 sg . inact
‘Petre is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

German zimperlich sein

Valency pattern: NOM_mitDAT
X: NOM
Y: mitDAT
Locus: Y
Karl ist zimperlich mit dreckig-em Geschirr
pn [ nom . sg ] be. prs .3 sg squeamish with dirty- n . dat . sg dishes[ dat . sg ]
‘Karl is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Hebrew (modern) nirta

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi
X: SBJ
Y: mi
Locus: Y
Pinχas nirta mi kel-im meluχlaχ-im
pn be.afraid[ ptcp . sg . m ] from dish- pl dirty- pl
‘Pinchas is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Hindi ghin honā

Valency pattern: DAT_ABL
X: DAT
Y: ABL
Locus: XY
Pratīk ko gaṁd-e bartan se ghin hɛ
pn ( m ). sg . obl acc / dat dirty- m . sg . obl dishes( m ). sg . obl abl scorn( f ). sg . dir be. prs .3 sg
‘Prateek is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Indonesian (standard) me-rasa jijik

Valency pattern: SBJ_pada
X: SBJ
Y: pada
Locus: Y
Ade me-rasa jijik pada piring-piring kotor
pn act -feel disgusting for dish~ pl dirty
‘Ade is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Irish *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Italian fare schifo

Valency pattern: NDIR.OBJ_SBJ
X: NDIR.OBJ
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
a Leo fanno schif-o i piatt-i sporch-i
to pn ( m ) make.3 pl . prs disgust- sg . m def . pl . m dish- pl . m dirty- pl . m
‘Leo is disgusted by dirty dishes.’

Karata rak’wa q’aaɬa

Valency pattern: POSS_EL
X: POSS
Y: EL
Locus: XY
ʕali-b biƛ’e rak’wa q’aada čoroko-b c’araʕ-jagal
pn - n strongly heart attach. ipf dirty- n cuttlery- el
‘Ali is very squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: The possessor NP displays some properties of a clause-level dependent.

Kazakh žerken

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Petya kіr ïdïs-ayaq-tan žerken-edі
pn dirty dishes-leg- abl be_squeamish- prs 2.3 sg
‘Petya is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Khanty (Kazym) ŭkśǝmti

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMewelt
X: NOM
Y: NOMewelt
Locus: Y
petr-en χǫlεŋ an ewǝλt ŭkśǝm-ǝλ
pn - poss .2 sg dirty dishes from be_squeamish- npst [3 sg ]
‘Petja is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Khoekhoe sauaǃnâxa

Valency pattern: SBJ_xa
X: SBJ
Y: xa
Locus: Y
Petru-b ge ǀurixa xawa-n xa a sauaǃnâxa
pn -3 m . sg decl dirty dish-3 c . pl by aux squeamish
‘Peter is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: The verb here is a stative verb and has to be used with auxiliaries.

Khwarshi lok'ʷa laha

Valency pattern: GEN1_CONT.LAT
X: GEN1
Y: CONT.LAT
Locus: XY
di-ja lok'ʷa l-a:ha bataχo-qo-l
1 sg . o - gen 1 heart iv -put\ gnt bread- cont - lat
‘I am squeamish about bread.’
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level argument.

Komi-Permyak брезгуйтны

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Петя брезгуйт-ӧ грезь-öсь посуда-сö
pn брезговать- prs .3 грязь-замаранный посуда- acc
‘Петя брезгует грязной посудой.’

Komi-Zyrian zi̮ve̮ktni̮

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Pet'a zi̮ve̮kt-e̮ ńajt taśti-pań
pn be_squeamish- prs .3 dirty cup-spoon
‘Petja is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Kpelle (Guinean) hwó

Valency pattern: SBJ_po
X: SBJ
Y: po
Locus: Y
Hɛ́ni hwó kɔ̀ɣɔ kpàŋ bɔ́
pn be. neg cup dirty\ l to
‘Heni does not like dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kryz (Alik) çigramiş xhiyic

Valency pattern: NOM_PART
X: NOM
Y: PART
Locus: Y
terlan çurklu ğab-ra-kar çigramiş şe-re
pn dirty vessel- pl . obl - part disgusted be. ipfv - prs . m
‘Terlan is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kryz (Ismayilli) igiranmiş xhayic

Valency pattern: NOM_ADEL
X: NOM
Y: ADEL
Locus: Y
aslan kirli qabni-var igiranmiş şe-re
pn dirty plate. pl - adel disgusted be. ipf - prs . m
‘Aslan is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kryz (proper) dak xhiyic

Valency pattern: DAT_SUBEL
X: DAT
Y: SUBEL
Locus: XY
aslan-is atha yaʕa qab-ra-kir dak şa-ri
pn - dat n .be_dirty. pf exist. pf . ptcp plate- pl . obl - subel disgust be. ipf - prs . n
‘Aslan is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Kumyk žirgenmek

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
patimat nas sawut-lar-dan žirgen-e
pn dirty dish- pl - abl despise-3 sg
‘Patimat is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Kurdish (Sorani) bêz kirdin

Valency pattern: SBJ.TR_le
X: SBJ.TR
Y: le
Locus: Y
Hîwa bêz le qap u keçk-î piŝ de-k-a
pn disgusted from bowl and spoon- izf dirty ind -do. prs -3 sg
‘Hiwa is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: In the past tense, a pronominal clitic would be used to index the X argument.

Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) hesas bûn (intr)

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_jiOBLre
X: SBJ.INTR
Y: jiOBLre
Locus: Y
jinik ji firax-ên qirêj re hesas e
woman from dish- ez . pl dirty to sensitive cop .3 sg
‘The woman is squeamish/sensitive about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Lak (Quba)

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEL
X: NOM
Y: SUPEL
Locus: Y
Maħammad dak’ oˁz-la-j ur čapal-sːa t’aħni+k’ič’-u-j-a
pn heart disdain- ipfv - cvb . ipfv 1.be. prs .3 p be.dirty- attr cookware- obl - sup - el
‘Mohammad is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Latin fastidio

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
(is) non fastidi-v-it eius amiciti-am
this. nom . sg . m not be_squeamish- prf - ind . act .3 sg this. gen . sg . m friendship( f )- acc . sg
‘... (he) was not squeamish by his friendship.’
Note: (Cic. Pis. 68)

Laz gur-iš o-l-(em)-u

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Käzim-i-s šave ang-i gu(r)-i Ø-a-l-em-s
pn - b - dat dirty glassware- nom heart- nom io - ver : sup -go- sm - s 3 sg
‘Käzim is angry about dirty plates & dishes.’
Note: Not included in the database because the translation deviates too far from the stimulus sentence.

Lezgian (Yargun) ttakkan qven

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Sahib-a-z qˈacˈaa qappar tta-kkan qve-zva
pn - obl - dat dirty container. pl neg -want come. ipfv - prs
‎‎‎‘Sahib is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Macedonian se gnasi

Valency pattern: SBJ_od
X: SBJ
Y: od
Locus: Y
Petar se gnasi od valkani sadovi
pn refl disgust( ipfv ). prs .3 sg from dirty. pl dish. pl
‘Petar is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Maltese tqażżeż

Valency pattern: SBJ_minn
X: SBJ
Y: minn
Locus: Y
Ġwanni jitqażżeż mill-platti maħmuġin
pn be.disgusted. ipf . m .3 sg from-plates dirty. pl
‘Ġwanni is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Maninka (Eastern) ɲéin

Valency pattern: SBJ_do(POST)
X: SBJ
Y: do(POST)
Locus: Y
Fántà yé ɲéin-na mùran nɔɔ` dɔ́.
pn be disdain- inf . la vessel dirty\ art in
‘Fanta is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Mano gḭ̄ḭ̄ yà

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
kɔ́nɔ́ là gḭ̄ḭ̄ āà yà ŋ̄ là
food 3 sg . poss taste 3 sg . prf sit 1 sg on
‘(S)he is disgusted by the food’ (Lit: ‘The taste of the food has sat on him’).
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Mansi (Northern) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Mehweb urkʼi buces

Valency pattern: GEN_SUPER.EL
X: GEN
Y: SUPER.EL
Locus: XY
Islam-la urkʼi b-ulc-an čuruk-i pоsuda-li-če-la
pn - gen heart n -get.hold.of: ipfv - hab dirty- attr dishes[ ru ]- obl - super - el
‘Islam is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level dependent. The verb itself is transitive, but used intransitively in this context.

Mingrelian Ø-o-c'ic'k'-un-Ø (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
čelo-s c'ik'vil-i č'k'ud-i Ø-o-c'ic'k'-u(n)-Ø
pn - dat dirty- nom dishes- nom io 3- ver : sup -be_squeamish- sm - s 3 sg . inact
‘Chelo is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Nanai irbasi-

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Petia jaŋgsa aleo-ǯi erbasi-ni
pn dirt tableware- ins be_squeamish. npst - p .3 sg
‘Petia is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Nivkh cʰŋəsŋəd

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Kaskazik eɣr̥k + ŋirŋ + cʰŋəsŋə-d
pn dirty + dishes + be.squeamish- ind
‘Kaskazik is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Norwegian Bokmål å avsky

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Per avsky-r oppvask
pn abhor- prs dirty_dishes
‘Per is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Oromo (West Central) aara

Valency pattern: NOM_waa7eeGEN
X: NOM
Y: waa7eeGEN
Locus: Y
obsaa-n waaʔee k'odaa t'uraaʔaa aar-a
pn - nom about object dirty. gen be_squeamish-3 sg . m . ipfv
‘Obsa is squeamish about the dirty dishes.’

Persian *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Polish brzydzić się

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Marek brzydzi się dzieć-mi
pn [ nom . sg ] be_squeamish: ipfv . prs .3 sg refl child- ins . pl
‘Marek is squeamish about children.’

Portuguese (Brazilian) ter nojo

Valency pattern: SBJ_de
X: SBJ
Y: de
Locus: Y
Pedro tem nojo de louça suj-a
pn ( m ) have.3 sg . prs disgust( m ) of tableware( f ) dirty- f
‘Pedro is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Romani (Kalderash) grecolpe

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
o Murš-a greco-l-pe kata melal-i pasud-a
art . m . dir . sg pn - nom . sg be_squeamish- prs .3 sg - refl from dirty- f . dir . sg dishes- nom . sg
‘Murša is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: With a pronominal Y argument, the structure with the ablative case (ABL) would be used.

Romanian a fi scârbă

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
lui Petru îi e scârb-ă când vede vesel-ă murdar-ă
he. dat . acnt pn s/he. dat . nant be. prs .3 sg disgust- indf . dir when see. prs .3 sg dishes- indf . dir dirty- f
‘Petru is disgusted when he sees dirty dishes.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP within a dependent clause.

Russian brezgovatʹ

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Pet-ja brezgu-et grjazn-oj posud-oj
pn ( m )- nom . sg be_squeamish( ipfv )- prs .3 sg dirty- f . ins . sg dishes( f )- ins . sg
‘Petja is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Rutul (Kina) ʁagujne jik’ mɨq’a jišir

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
rasul-u-s čapaˁl-dɨ ɢab-ɨr ʁa-gu-jne jik’ mɨq’a jiši-r
pn - obl - dat dirty- attr dish- pl pv - npl .see. pfv - cvb heart cold 4.become. pfv - cvb
‘Rasul is squeamish about dirty dishes’ (lit. ‘Rasul’s heart gets cold when he sees dirty dishes’).
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP within a dependent clause.

Rutul (Mukhad) k'vaˤč'e jišin

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
murad-ı-s t'alqhı-d qabır k'vaˤč'-e jiʔi
pn - obl - dat ( n )soil. pf - attr plates hated- predic n . cop
‘Murad is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Rutul (Myukhrek)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
mırad-ıs ç'ep'elvaldı xuş diş
pn - dat dirt pleasing neg . cop
‘Murad does not like the dirt.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Rutul (Shin-Borch) zehle vexin

Valency pattern: DAT_SUPEREL
X: DAT
Y: SUPEREL
Locus: XY
murad-ı-s t'alqhı-dı rahlım-ııla zehle vexe-r
pn - obl - dat soil. pf - attr dish. obl - superel bad_mood( a ) a .run. ipf - prs
‘Murad is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Rutul (Shinaz) k'vač' hɨʔɨ-n

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
basir k'vač' haʔa-j t'alqhɨ-d qab
pn ( erg ) hated n .do. ipf - evt . n ( n )dirty. pf - attr plate
‘Basir is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Saami (Skolt) *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Peâtt ij tuʹǩǩed sähssas liiʹttin
pn . sg . nom neg .3 sg like. cng dirty dish. pl . loc
‘Pete does not like dirty dishes.’
Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate.

Sagada bac’azi buwa

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
pat’imat-e bac’azi r-u-x qubaw šit’ur-bi
pn - erg loath nhpl -do- prs dirty pot- pl . abs
‘Patimat disguises dirty dishes.’

Serbian gaditi se

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Petr-u se gadi prljav-o posuđ-e
pn - dat . sg refl disgust. prs .3 sg dirty- nom . sg . n dishes- nom . sg
‘Petar is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Shughni *

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
*
*
*
Note: No satisfactory translation has been obtained.

Slovak háklivý + COP

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Peter je hákliv-ý na špinav-ý riad
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] be( ipfv ). prs .3 sg squeamish on dirty- m . acc . sg dishes( m )[ acc . sg ]
‘Peter is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Slovenian gnusiti se

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Petr-u se gnusi umazan-a posod-a
pn - dat . sg rfl be_squeamish: ipfv . prs .3 sg dirty- nom . sg . f dishes- nom . sg
‘Peter is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Spanish repugnar

Valency pattern: DO_SBJ
X: DO
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
a Pedro lo/le repugn-an lo-s plato-s suci-o-s
dir . obj . anm pn [ sg . m ] he. dir . obj . anm nauseate- prs .3 pl art . def . m - pl dish[ m ]- pl dirty- m - pl
‘Pedro is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Svan x-ä-sisg (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
maizer-s c'idär šedmak'wd-är-Ø x-ä-sisg
pn - dat dirty plates&dishes- pl - nom io 3- ver : sup -hate
‘Maizer is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Swedish att äcklas

Valency pattern: SBJ_av
X: SBJ
Y: av
Locus: Y
Björn äckla-s av smutsdisk
pn nauseate- prs . pass of dirty_dishes
‘Björn is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: This is a passive construction.

Tabasaran (Kandyk)

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
maˁhaˁmed.a-z ǯarandin ʁab-ar kːun-dar
pn - dat unfamiliar plate- pl ( abs ) love- neg ( prs )
‘Mahamad does not like unfamiliar dishes.’

Tagalog mandiri

Valency pattern: ACT_CAUSE
X: ACT
Y: CAUSE
Locus: Y
nan-di~diri si Pedro sa maru~rumi-ng hugasin
av . ipfv - ipfv ~get_disgusted pers . subj pn dat dirty. pl - lin dishes
‘Pedro is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: The Y-argument i) can be introduced by an explicit causal marker and ii) can be promoted to subject in the causal voice construction.

Telugu cirāku + COP

Valency pattern: DAT_ante
X: DAT
Y: ante
Locus: XY
pravīṇ-ki eṁgili aṁṭlu aṁṭē cirāku
pn ( m ). sg . obl - dat defiled utensil. pl . nom that_is crossness( n ). sg . nom
‘Praveen is vexed about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.

Tsakhur diksimmišхhay

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEREL
X: NOM
Y: SUPEREL
Locus: Y
murad meq’ı-ni q:ab-bıš-ıle diksimmiš-eхhi
pn dirty- attr . obl plate- pl . obl - superel nauseous-( m ) aux . ipf
‘Murad is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Tswana tenwa

Valency pattern: SBJ_ke
X: SBJ
Y: ke
Locus: Y
ke-ten-w-a ke di-poleiti tse di-leswe
s i :1 sg -disgust- pass - fv by pl -plate(8/10) cl8/10. lk cl8/10-dirty
‘I hate dirty plates.’

Turkish iğrenmek

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Mehmet bulaşık-lar-dan iğren-iyor
pn dirty_dishes- pl - abl be_disgusted- prs
‘Mehmet is sqeamish about the dirty dishes.’

Turoyo migawləʕ leb-

Valency pattern: EXT_m
X: EXT
Y: m
Locus: XY
Šabo k-migawləʕ leb-e m-aʕ ʕəbugr-e
pn prs -loathe. ipfv .3 m heart( m )- p .3 m from- art . pl mouse- pl
‘Šabo is disgusted by mice.’

Twi akyiwadeɛ yɛ

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Kofi akyiwadeɛ yɛ n-kukuo fi
pn taboo is pl -dish dirty
‘Kofi is squeamish about dirty dishes,’ lit. ‘Kofi’s taboo is dirty dishes.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Udi irit'pes

Valency pattern: ERG_ABL
X: ERG
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Valya-n c'emen q'av-urxo-xun irit'=e=ne
pn - erg dirty dishes- pl = abl be_squeamish=3 sg = lv : prs
‘Valya is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Udmurt jurdi̮ni̮

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL
X: NOM
Y: ABL
Locus: Y
Pet'a kurmem tuśti̮-puńi̮-leś jurde
pn . nom dirty cup-spoon- abl be_squeamish. prs .3 sg
‘Petja is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Ukrainian hyduvaty

Valency pattern: NOM_INS
X: NOM
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Petr-o hyduj-e brudn-ym posud-om
pn ( m )- nom . sg be_squeamish( ipfv )- prs .3 sg dirty- m . ins . sg dishes( m )- ins . sg
‘Petro is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Ulcha gali-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
ńī mə̄p gal-i-wa-ni ti nəu-dumə wən-di-ni
human refl . sg be_squeamish- prs - acc -3 sg that young- sel say- prs -3 sg
‘That younger one [= the bear] says that the human [= the woman] is squeamish about him’.
Note: This example is taken from natural texts.

Uzbek žirkanč qilmoq

Valency pattern: NOM_DAT
X: NOM
Y: DAT
Locus: Y
Petya kir dasturxon-ga žirkanč qil-yab-ti
pn dirty dish- dat disgusted leave- prs 1-3 sg
‘Petja is squeamish about dirty dishes.’

Wolof génnaliku

Valency pattern: DO_SBJ
X: DO
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
banaana dafa ma génnaliku
banana( b ) f oc v .s i :3 sg o i :1 sg disgust
‘Bananas disgust me.’

Yukaghir (Northern) ǝriǝ=

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Sǝmiǝn mǝr ǝriǝ-m ǝl loɣor-uo-dˈǝ suskǝ-ɣаnǝ sаwɣа-ɣаnǝ
pn aff be_squeamish- tr .3 sg neg wash- res - ptcl cup- acc plate- acc
‘Semien is squeamish about unwashed dishes.’

Zazaki

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_sero.PSTP
X: SBJ.INTR
Y: sero.PSTP
Locus: Y
o fɨraq-an-e qɨlerɨn-an=sɛro bari=jo
3 sg . m . abs dish- pl . obl - ez . pl dirty- pl . obl =onto thin= cop .3 sg . m
‘He is squeamish about dirty dishes.’
Note: Non-verbal predicate.