BivalTyp

Show Russian meta:

‘go out’

Argument frame:

X (go out) of Y

Stimulus sentence:

P. went out of the house .

Predicate label Ru:

выходить

Argument frame Ru:

X (выходить) из Y -а

Stimulus sentence Ru:

П. вышел из дома .

Abaza ʕa-[ʒ̂ə.l-]c̣

Valency pattern: ABS_LOCzele

X: ABS

Y: LOCzele

Locus: Y

a-phʷə́spa	a-tʒə́	d-ʕa-ʒ̂ə́.l-c̣-ṭ
def -girl	def -house	3 sg . h . abs - cisl - loc -pass- dcl
‘The girl went out of the house.’

Adyghe (West Circassian) jə-č̣ʼə

Valency pattern: ABS_LOC.CONT

X: ABS

Y: LOC.CONT

Locus: Y

pŝaŝe-r	wəne-m	jə-č̣ʼə-ʁ
girl- abs	house- obl	loc : cont -exit- pst
‘This girl went out of the house.’

Aghul ajč’.u-

Valency pattern: ABS_(IN)ELAT

X: ABS

Y: (IN)ELAT

Locus: Y

aslan	χul.a-as	ajč’.u-ne
pn	house-( in ) elat	{ in }emerge. pf - aor
‘Aslan went out of the house.’

Alik Kryz ğabç'ic

Valency pattern: NOM_INEL

X: NOM

Y: INEL

Locus: Y

terlan	k'ul-caʕar	ğaç'-id
pn	house( f )- obl . inel	m .go_out. pfv - aor . m
‘Terlan went out of the house.’

Archi čʼelleši o-ʟmus

Valency pattern: NOM_IN.EL

X: NOM

Y: IN.EL

Locus: Y

paša	tukan-na-š	čʼelle-ši	uʟni
pn	shop- in - el	outside- all	1.go.out. pfv
‘Pasha went out of the shop.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic +paləṭ

Valency pattern: SBJ_men

X: SBJ

Y: men

Locus: Y

brata	+pləṭ-la	mən	beta
girl( f )	leave. pst - ls .3 f	from	house( m )
‘The girl went out of the house.’

Avar q’wat’ibe baqine

Valency pattern: NOM_EL

X: NOM

Y: EL

Locus: Y

ʕali	škola-l-dasa	q’wat’i-w-e	w-aq-ana
pn	school- obl - el	outside- m - lat	m -go_out- aor
‘Ali went out of the school.’

Azerbaijani çıxmaq

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Aslan	ev-dǝn	çıx-dı
pn	house- abl	go_out- pst (3)
‘Aslan went out of the house.’

Bafut fɛ̀ʔɛ̂

Valency pattern: SBJ_a

X: SBJ

Y: a

Locus: Y

àmbɛ́	à	kɨ̀	fɛ̀ʔɛ̂	á	ǹdâ
pn	sm	p 2	go_out	at	house
‘Ambe went out from the house.’

Bambara bɔ́

Valency pattern: SBJ_kono

X: SBJ

Y: kono

Locus: Y

Sékù	bɔ́-ra	só`	kɔ́nɔ
pn	go.out- pfv . intr	house\ art	into
‘Seku left the house.’

Brazilian Portuguese sair

Valency pattern: SBJ_de

X: SBJ

Y: de

Locus: Y

Pedro	sa-iu	de	casa
pn ( m )	exit-3 sg . pst	of	house( f )
‘Pedro exited a house.’

Budugh ğeç’i

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

aslan	k'ul-ca'r	ğaç'u-ci
pn	house- obl . abl	go_out. pf - aor
‘Aslan went out of the house.’

Catalan sortir

Valency pattern: SBJ_de

X: SBJ

Y: de

Locus: Y

en	Pere	va	sort-ir	de	la	casa
def . sg . m	pn ( m )	go.3 sg . prs . ind	exit- inf	of	def . sg . f	house( f )
‘Pere went out of the house.’

Chechen aara-AGR-aella

Valency pattern: ABS_chura

X: ABS

Y: chura

Locus: Y

Islam	c’a-chura	aara-v-aella
pn . abs	house-from_inside	out- v -get. prf
‘Islam went out of the house.’
Note: NB: Which case form of the noun would be used for a noun like ‘shop’ or the like?

Chirag tːuraej

Valency pattern: ABS_IN.ELAT

X: ABS

Y: IN.ELAT

Locus: Y

ʡa̰le	qal-l-aˤni-rka	tːur-ag-ur
pn ( abs )	house- obl - in - elat	out-go: pf - aor .3
‘Ali went out of the room.’

Czech vyjít

Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN

X: NOM

Y: zGEN

Locus: Y

Petr	vyše-l	z	dom-u
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	go_out( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	from	house( m )- gen . sg
‘Petr went out of the house.’

Danish gå ud

Valency pattern: SBJ_af

X: SBJ

Y: af

Locus: Y

Peter	gik	ud	af	hus-et
pn	go. pst	out	of	house( n )- def . sg
‘Peter went out of the house.’

Dutch uitgaan

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Piet	ging	het	huis	uit
pn (С)	go. pst	art . def . n	house( n )	out.of
‘Piet went out of the house.’

Eastern Maninka bɔ́

Valency pattern: SBJ_la

X: SBJ

Y: la

Locus: Y

Sékù	bára	bɔ́	bón`	ná.
pn	prf	exit	house\ art	at
‘Seku left the house.’

English go out

Valency pattern: SBJ_of

X: SBJ

Y: of

Locus: Y

Peter	went	out	of	the	house.

Estonian väljuma

Valency pattern: NOM_ELA

X: NOM

Y: ELA

Locus: Y

Peeter	väljus	maja-st
pn . sg . nom	go_out. pst .3 sg	house- ela
‘Peeter went out of the house.’

Finnish poistua

Valency pattern: NOM_ELA

X: NOM

Y: ELA

Locus: Y

Pekka	poistu-i	talo-sta
pn . nom	go.out- pst .3 sg	house- ela
‘Pekka went out of the house.’

Forest Enets ɔziu

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

modʲi	kasa-jʔ	mɛ-kozo-da	ɔzima
i	man- nom . sg .1 sg	chum- abl . sg - obl . sg .3 sg	be_visible( ipfv ). inc .3 sg . s
‘My friend went out of his house’.

French sortir

Valency pattern: SBJ_de

X: SBJ

Y: de

Locus: Y

Paul	est	sorti	de	la	maison
pn ( m )	be. prs .3 sg	exit. pst . ptcp . m	of	def . sg . f	house( f )
‘Paul went out of the house.’

Georgian ga-Ø-di-s (PRS)

Valency pattern: NOM_INS.ABL

X: NOM

Y: INS.ABL

Locus: Y

p'et're-Ø	saxl-idan	ga-Ø-vid-a
pn - nom	house- pstp : ins . abl	prv :outward- s 3-go. pst - s 3 sg . pst
‘Petre went out of the house.’

German gehen

Valency pattern: NOM_ausDAT

X: NOM

Y: ausDAT

Locus: Y

Karl	ging	aus	dem	Haus
pn [ nom . sg ]	go. pst .3 sg	from	def . n . dat . sg	house[ dat . sg ]
‘Karl went out of the house.’

Guinean Kpelle kǔlo

Valency pattern: SBJ_mu

X: SBJ

Y: mu

Locus: Y

Pépèe	àá	kùló	bɛ̀lɛ́-í	ɲɛ́i	mû
pn	3 sg . pfv	go_out	def \house- art	dem	under
‘Pepee went out of the house.’

Hindi jānā

Valency pattern: DIR_ABL

X: DIR

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Pratīk	ghar	se	bāhar	gay-ā.
pn ( m ). sg . dir	house( m ). sg . obl	abl	outside	go. pfv - m . sg
‘Prateek went out of the house.’

Icari Dargwa tːura=w=q-anaj

Valency pattern: ABS_ELAT

X: ABS

Y: ELAT

Locus: Y

Islam	qil-irtːal	tːura=w=q-un
pn . abs	house- elat	outside = m =go: pf - aor
‘Islam went out of the house.’

Irish téigh amach

Valency pattern: SBJ_as

X: SBJ

Y: as

Locus: Y

Chuigh	Pól	amach	as	an	tigh.
go_out. pst	pn	outside	from	def	house
‘Pól went out of the house.’

Ismayilli Kryz

Valency pattern: NOM_EL

X: NOM

Y: EL

Locus: Y

aslan	k'ul-caʕar	ğaç'-id
pn	house- obl . el	go_out. pf - aor . m
‘Aslan went out of the house.’

Italian uscire

Valency pattern: SBJ_da

X: SBJ

Y: da

Locus: Y

Leo	è	uscit-o	dall’	uffici-o
pn ( m )	aux .3 sg . prs	exit. pst . ptcp - sg . m	by. def . sg . m	office- sg . m
‘Leo exited the office.’

Kadar Dargwa dura-CL-uq-as / dura-CL-ulq-as

Valency pattern: NOM_EL

X: NOM

Y: EL

Locus: Y

meħamad	qa-j-zaka	dura-0-uq-un
pn	house- obl - el	outside - m -move. pfv - pret
‘Muhammad went out of the house.’

Kalderash Romani anklel

Valency pattern: NOM_anda

X: NOM

Y: anda

Locus: Y

o	Murš-a	ankl-ist-o	anda	khər
art . m . dir . sg	pn - nom . sg	go_out- pst -3 sg . m	from	house. nom . sg
‘Murša went out of the house.’

Kandyk Tabasaran

Valency pattern: ABS_IN.ELAT

X: ABS

Y: IN.ELAT

Locus: Y

maˁhaˁmad	χl.a-an	uduc̊’-nu
pn ( abs )	house-( in ) elat	( h . sg )go.out- pst
‘Mahamad went out of the house.’

Karata heq’er boƛaɬa

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEREL

X: NOM

Y: SUPEREL

Locus: Y

ʕali	q’aj-ƛ’agal	barq’a	heq’e-r	w-oƛ-e
pn	house- superel	fast	up- lat	m -go- pf
‘Ali walked quickly out of the house.’

Kaytag Dargwa t:uravegara

Valency pattern: NOM_SUPEREL

X: NOM

Y: SUPEREL

Locus: Y

petja	qil-t:ar	turaveg-ur
pn	house. obl - superel	m .go_out. pf - aor
‘Petja went out of the house.’

Kazakh šïq

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Petya	üy-den	šïq-tï
pn	house- abl	exit- pst 1.3 sg
‘Petya went out of the house.’

Kazym Khanty ԑtti

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMewelt

X: NOM

Y: NOMewelt

Locus: Y

pet’a-j-en	χɔt	ewǝλt	kim	ԑt-əs
pn - ep - poss .2 sg	house	from	outside	go.out- pst [3 sg ]
‘Petja went out of the house.’

Khoekhoe ǂoa

Valency pattern: SBJ_xu

X: SBJ

Y: xu

Locus: Y

Petru-b	ge	om-s-a	xu	go	ǂoa
pn -3 m . sg	decl	house-3 f . sg - obl	from	rpst	leave
‘Peter went out of the house.’

Khwarshi j/eqʷa

Valency pattern: ABS_IN.EL

X: ABS

Y: IN.EL

Locus: Y

šamil	eq-qa	idu-žo	ma-ʁol
pn ( i )	[ i ]go.out- pst . w	house. in - el	outside- dir
‘Shamil went out of the house.’

Kina Rutul ʁaɁ haˁrχɨˁr

Valency pattern: NOM_IN.EL

X: NOM

Y: IN.EL

Locus: Y

rasul	χal-a:	ʁaɁ	haˁ<r>χɨˁ-r
pn ( nom )	house- in . el	outside. lat	<1>leave. pfv - cvb
‘Rasul went out of the house.’

Kryz Proper

Valency pattern: NOM_INEL

X: NOM

Y: INEL

Locus: Y

aslan	k'ul-car	ğaç'-id
pn	house- obl . inel	go_out. pf - aor . m
‘Aslan went out of the house.’

Kumyk čɨqmaq

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

musa	üj-den	čɨq-d-ɨ
pn	house- abl	leave- pst -3 sg
‘Musa went out of the house.’

Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) derketin (intr)

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_jiOBL

X: SBJ.INTR

Y: jiOBL

Locus: Y

zilam	ji	mal-ê	derket
man	from	house- obl . f	go_out. pfv . sg
‘The man went out of the house.’

Latin exeo

Valency pattern: NOM_exABL

X: NOM

Y: exABL

Locus: Y

nihil	enim	umquam	neque	insolens	neque	glorios-um	ex	or-e	eius	exi-it
nothing. nom	indeed	ever	nor	immoderate. nom . sg	nor	prideful- nom . sg . n	from	mouth( n )- abl . sg	this. gen . sg . m	go_out[ prf . ind ]- act .3 sg
‘And nothing else went out of his mouth: neither immoderate, nor prideful.’
Note: (Nepos. Vitae, life Timol. 4, 3, 1)

Laz o-xt'-im-u

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Käzim-i	oxo(r)-išen	gama-Ø-xt'-u
pn - nom	house- abl	prv - s 3-go- s 3 sg . pst
‘Käzim went out of the house.’

Mandarin Chinese zǒu chū

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: DO

Locus: TR

Zhāngsān	zǒu	chū	le	wūzi
pn	walk	out	pfv	house
‘Zhangsan went out of the house.’
Note: There are some doubts as to whether this can be treated as a transitive construction.

Mano ɓɔ̄

Valency pattern: SBJ_LOC

X: SBJ

Y: LOC

Locus: Y

kō	ɓɔ̄	kɛ́ì
1 pl . pst	leave	house. loc
‘We went out of the house.’
Note: LOC is a special form of (some) nouns. It goes back to the postposition "yí" but is not synchronically interchangeable with it.

Mehweb dura -uqes

Valency pattern: NOM_IN.EL

X: NOM

Y: IN.EL

Locus: Y

Pajzula	dura	uq-un	tukaj-ħe-la
pn	outside( lat )	m .go: pfv - aor	shop- in - el
‘Islam went out of the shop.’

Mingrelian gim-Ø-i-l-en-s (FUT)

Valency pattern: ERG_ABL

X: ERG

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

čelo-k	ʔude-še(n)	gim-Ø-i-l-(u)
pn - erg	house- abl	prv - s 3- ver : s -go-( s 3 sg . pst )
‘Chelo went out of the house.’

Modern Hebrew jatsa

Valency pattern: SBJ_mi

X: SBJ

Y: mi

Locus: Y

Pinχas	jatsa	me	ha	bajt
pn	exit[ pst .3 sg . m ]	from	def	house
‘Pinchas went out of the house.’

Mukhad Rutul ʁaʔ ʁaˤč'uˤn

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

murad	χal-aa	ʁaʔ	ʁaˤč'uˤ-ri
pn	house- abl	outside	( m )go_out. pf - aor
‘Murad went out of the house.’

Nanai niə-

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Petia	ǯoog-ǯeaǯi	niə-xə-ni
pn	house- abl	go_out- pst - p .3 sg
‘Petia went out of the house.’

Nivkh pʰud

Valency pattern: SBJ_LOC/ABL

X: SBJ

Y: LOC/ABL

Locus: Y

Kaskazik	tav-ux	pʰu-d
pn	house- loc / abl	leave- ind
‘Kaskazik went out of the house.’

Northern Akhvakh munuƛa

Valency pattern: NOM_EL

X: NOM

Y: EL

Locus: Y

patħudi	č’ilo-ne	w-a-ani
pn	house. obl - el	m -go- aor
‘Pathudi went out of the house.’

Northern Mansi konkwaləs

Valency pattern: NOM_EL

X: NOM

Y: EL

Locus: Y

ōjka	kol-əl	kon-kwal-əs
man	house- el	out-go- pst .3 sg
‘The man went out of the house.’

Northern Yukaghir pulgǝ=

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Sǝmiǝn	nimǝ-ɣаt	pulgǝ-č
pn	house- abl	come_out- intr .3 sg
‘Semien went out of the house.’

Norwegian Bokmål å gå ut

Valency pattern: SBJ_av

X: SBJ

Y: av

Locus: Y

Per	gikk	ut	av	hus-et
pn	go. pst	out	of	house- def . n . sg
‘Per went out of the house.’

Polish wyjść

Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN

X: NOM

Y: zGEN

Locus: Y

Andrzej	wyszed-ł	z	dom-u
pn [ nom . sg ]	go_out: pfv \ m - pst [ m .3 sg ]	from	house- gen . sg
‘Andrzej went out of the house.’

Russian vyjti

Valency pattern: NOM_izGEN

X: NOM

Y: izGEN

Locus: Y

Pet-ja	vyše-l	iz	dom-a
pn ( m )- nom . sg	go_out( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	from	house( m )- gen . sg
‘Petja went out of the house.’

Serbian izaći

Valency pattern: NOM_izGEN

X: NOM

Y: izGEN

Locus: Y

Petar	je	izaša-o	iz	kuć-e
pn . nom . sg	be. prs .3 sg	go.out- part . perf . m . sg	from	house- gen . sg
‘Petar went out of the house.’

Shinaz Rutul ʁaʔ qhɨxɨ-n

Valency pattern: NOM_IN

X: NOM

Y: IN

Locus: Y

basir	χal-a	ʁaʔ	qhɨxɨ-r
pn	house- in	out	re .( m ).go. pf - aor
‘Basir went out of the house.’

Shughni nax̌tīdow

Valency pattern: NOM_EL

X: NOM

Y: EL

Locus: Y

Azim	as	čīd	nax̌tūy-d
pn	el	house	go.out- pst
‘Azim went out of the house.’

Skolt Saami mõõnnâd

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC

X: NOM

Y: LOC

Locus: Y

Peâtt	mõõn-i	põõrt-âst	meädda
pn . sg . nom	go- pst .3 sg	house- sg . loc	away
‘Pete went out of the house.’

Slovak vyjsť

Valency pattern: NOM_zGEN

X: NOM

Y: zGEN

Locus: Y

Peter	vyšie-l	z	dom-u
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ]	go_out( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]	from	house( m )- gen . sg
‘Peter went out of the house.’

Slovenian izstopiti

Valency pattern: NOM_izGEN

X: NOM

Y: izGEN

Locus: Y

Peter	je	izstopi-l	iz	hiš-e
pn [ nom . sg ]	aux .3 sg	go_out: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ]	from	house- gen . sg
‘Peter went out of the house.’

Sorani Kurdish çûne der

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_le

X: SBJ.INTR

Y: le

Locus: Y

Hîwa	le	maɫ-eke	çûw-Ø-e	der-ê
pn	from	house- def	go. pst -3 sg -to	out- loc
‘Hiwa went out of the house.’

Southern Rutul aˤğaˤç'uˤn

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

murad	xal-ıgı	aˤğaˤç'uˤ-r
pn	house- abl	( n )go_out. pf - aor
‘Murad went out of the house.’

Spanish salir

Valency pattern: SBJ_de

X: SBJ

Y: de

Locus: Y

Pedro	sali-ó	de	casa
pn [ sg . m ]	go_out- aor .3 sg	from	house[ sg . f ]
‘Pedro went out of the house.’

Standard Arabic ḫaraǧa

Valency pattern: NOM_minGEN

X: NOM

Y: minGEN

Locus: Y

Badr-un	ḫaraǧa	min	al-bayt-i
pn - nom	go_out. pf .3 m	from	def -house- gen
‘Badr went out of the house.’

Svan k-a-Ø-γr-i (FUT)

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL.EL

X: NOM

Y: ABL.EL

Locus: Y

maizer-Ø	kor-xän-ka	k-aː-Ø-čäd
pn - nom	house- abl - el	prv : outward - prv : dist - s 3-go
‘Maizer went out of the house.’

Swedish att gå ut

Valency pattern: SBJ_ur

X: SBJ

Y: ur

Locus: Y

Björn	gick	ut	ur	hus-et
pn	go. pst	out	out_of	house- def . n . sg
‘Björn went out of the house.’
Note: Phrasal verb (ut is not a flagging device).

Tagalog

Valency pattern: ACT_PATH

X: ACT

Y: PATH

Locus: Y

l<um>abas	si	Pedro	ng	bahay
< av > pfv .go_out	pers . subj	pn	gen	house
‘Pedro went out of the house.’
Note: The Y argument can also be signaled as "pa-labas ng bahay" [DIR-exit GEN house].

Telugu veḷḷu

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

pravīṇ	iṁṭi-nuṁci	bayaṭi-ki	veḷḷāḍu
pn ( m ). sg . nom	house( n ). sg . obl - abl	outdoors( n ). sg . obl - dat	go. pst .3 sg . m
‘Praveen went out of the house.’

Tsakhur qhiğečiy

Valency pattern: NOM_INEL

X: NOM

Y: INEL

Locus: Y

murad	хaa-nče	qhiğeč’u-na
pn	house. obl - inel	m .go_out. pf - h
‘Murad went out of the house.’

Tsudakhar Dargwa tːura b-uq-iz/b-ulq-iz

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC.ABL1

X: NOM

Y: LOC.ABL1

Locus: Y

uršːi	uškul-le-la	tːura	uq-un
boy	school- loc - abl 1	outside( lat )	( m )move. pfv - pret (3)
‘The boy went out of the school.’

Tsugni Dargwa tːura b-uq-i / ha-b-ulq-i

Valency pattern: NOM_LOC.ABL.DOWN

X: NOM

Y: LOC.ABL.DOWN

Locus: Y

durħaˤ	uškul-le-rka	tːura	uqun
boy	school- loc - abl . down	outside( lat )	( m )move. pfv - pret (3)
‘The went out of the school.’

Turkish çıkmak

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Mehmet	ev-den	çık-tı
pn	house- abl	exit- pst
‘Mehmet went out of the house.’

Turoyo nofəq

Valency pattern: SBJ.SS_m

X: SBJ.SS

Y: m

Locus: Y

Gabriyel	nafəq	m-u	bayto
pn	go_out. pfv .3 m	from- art . m	house( m )
‘Gabriyel went out of the house.’

Twi pue firi

Valency pattern: SBJ_mu

X: SBJ

Y: mu

Locus: Y

Kofi	pue-e	firi	fie	no	mu
pn	go- pst	come.out	house	def	in
‘Kofi went out of the house.’
Note: CV

Udmurt потыны

Valency pattern: NOM_ELA

X: NOM

Y: ELA

Locus: Y

Петя	корка-(ы)сь	пот-ӥз
pn . nom	house- ela	go.out- pst .3 sg
‘Petja went out of the house.’

Ulcha ńə̄-

Valency pattern: NOM_INS

X: NOM

Y: INS

Locus: Y

xusə	piktə	xagdu-ǯi	ńə̄-xə-ni
male	child	house- ins	go_out- pst -3 sg
‘The boy went out of the house.’

Uzbek čiqmoq

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

Petya	uy-dan	čiq-ti
pn	house- abl	go_out- pst .3 sg
‘Petja went out of the house.’

West Central Oromo gadi baʔa

Valency pattern: NOM_ABL

X: NOM

Y: ABL

Locus: Y

obsaa-n	manaa	gadi=baʔ-e
pn - nom	house. abl	down=go_out-3 sg . m . pfv
‘Obsa went out of thehouse.’

Wolof génne

Valency pattern: TR

X: SBJ

Y: OBJ

Locus: TR

dama-y	génn-e	woto	b-i
f oc v .s i :1 sg - incpl	get.out- appl	car	cl b - def
‘I am getting out of the car.’

Yargun Lezgian aqatin

Valency pattern: NOM_INEL

X: NOM

Y: INEL

Locus: Y

Sahib	kˈval-aa	aqat-na
pn	house- inel	come_out- aor
‎‎‎‘Sahib went out of the house.’

Zazaki

Valency pattern: SBJ.INTR_ra.PSTP

X: SBJ.INTR

Y: ra.PSTP

Locus: Y

oxɨr	kɛjɛ=ra	bi	tɛbɛr
pn	house=from	become. pst	outside
‘Oxir went out of the house.’
Note: CV

Zilo Andi <w>-uʔ.on

Valency pattern: NOM_IN.EL

X: NOM

Y: IN.EL

Locus: Y

ali	w-uʔ.on	iʃu-kːu
pn [ m ][ nom ]	m -go. pst ( aor )	home. in - el
‘Ali went out of the house.’