BivalTyp

‘forget’

Argument frame: X (forget) (about) Y
Stimulus sentence: (P. had already visited this town and knew that there is a shorter road. When he went there once again this time, however, he chose the longer road.) P. forgot (about) the other road .
Predicate label Ru: забывать
Argument frame Ru: X (забывать) об Y -е
Stimulus sentence Ru: (П. однажды уже ездил в этот город и знал, что туда есть более короткая дорога. Но сейчас он поехал туда снова и выбрал более длинную). П. забыл о другой дороге .

Abaza [q-]aštəl

Valency pattern: LOCq_ABS
X: LOCq
Y: ABS
Locus: X
murád jəʕʷbaχəwz a-mʕʷa j-q-áštəl-(χ-)ṭ
pn second def -road 3 sg . m . io - loc -forget( aor )-( re )- dcl
‘Murad forgot about the other road.’

Adyghe (West Circassian) šʼə-ʁʷəpše

Valency pattern: LOC_ABS
X: LOC
Y: ABS
Locus: X
č̣ʼale-m adre–ʁʷegʷə-r šʼə-ʁʷəpša-ʁ
guy- obl other–road- abs loc -forget- pst
‘The guy forgot about the other road.’

Aghul k’ʷal-as š.u-

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
aslan.a-s saje reqː k’ʷal-as š.u-ne
pn - dat other road in.memory- elat leave. pf - aor
‘Aslan forgot about the other road.’

Akhvakh (Northern) hidičeχχuruƛa

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
patħudi-ƛa hudu česse miq’q’i hidičeχχw-ewi
pn - dat prox another road forget- perf
‘Pathudi forgot the other road.’

Andi (Zilo) retʃː.o-j

Valency pattern: AFF_NOM
X: AFF
Y: NOM
Locus: X
ali-<b>o se-b=lo miqχ’i retʃː.o-j
pn - aff < inan 1> one- inan 1= add road[ inan 1][ nom ] forget. pst - pf
‘Ali forgot about the other road.’

Arabic (Jewish Baghdadi) nsy

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Abrahām nsā-nu ṭ-ṭarīq ǝl-lāx
pn forget. pf .3 ms - o .3 ms art -road art -other
‘Abraham forgot the other road.’

Arabic (Northern Syrian) nəsa

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Aḥmad nəsa ṭ-ṭarīq
pn forget. pfv .3 m def -way( m )
‘Ahmad forgot the way.’

Arabic (South Levantine, Nazareth) n.s.a

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Shadi nise it-tarīʾ it-tanye
pn forget. pst .3 m . sg def -road def -second
‘Shadi forgot the other road.’

Arabic (standard) nasiya

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Badr-un nasiya ṭarīq-a-n Ɂuḫrā
pn - nom forget. pf .3 m road( f )- acc - indef other. f . indef
‘Badr forgot about the other road.’

Archi e-χmus

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
paša-s osːu-b deqʼˁ e<b>χni-li
pn - dat other-3 way <3>forget. pfv - cvb ( evid )
‘Pasha forgot about the other road.’

Armenian (Eastern) moŕanal

Valency pattern: NOM_DATmasin
X: NOM
Y: DATmasin
Locus: Y
Petros-ə moŕac’el+ē myus čanaparh-i masin
pn [ nom ]- def forget: prf :3 sg other road- dat about
‘Petros forgot about the other road.’

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic manšə

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
yala munšiyy-o=l crita urxa
boy( m ) forget. res . m - p .3 f =3 m short. f way( f )
‘The boy forgot about the other road.’

Avar k’očeze

Valency pattern: LOC_NOM
X: LOC
Y: NOM
Locus: X
ʕali-da k’očon t-ana cogida-b nuχ
pn - loc forget. seq leave- aor other- n way
‘Ali forgot the other road.’

Azerbaijani unutmaq

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Aslan digǝr yol-u unud-ub
pn other road- acc forget- perf (3)
‘Aslan forgot about the other road.’

Bafut nlìʔìnə̀

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
àmbɛ́ à nlìʔìnə̀-mə̂ mânʤì jídàŋ wá
pn sm forget- p 0 road other def
‘Ambe forgot the other road.’

Bambara ɲìnɛ

Valency pattern: SBJ_ko
X: SBJ
Y: ko
Locus: Y
Sékù ɲìnɛ-na síra surun` kɔ́
pn forget- pfv . intr road short\ art behind
‘Seku forgot the short road.’

Bartangi

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Ahmed az um yi pond ranöx̌-t
pn el d 3. f . o one road forget- pst
‘Ahmed forgot about another road.’
Note: This is a DOM pattern.

Belarusian zabycca

Valency pattern: NOM_praACC
X: NOM
Y: praACC
Locus: Y
Alieś zaby-ŭ-sia pra inš-uju daroh-u
pn [ nom . sg ] forget( pfv )- pst . sg . m - refl about other- acc . sg . f road- acc . sg
‘Ales forgot about the other road.’

Budugh k'eʕan senxi

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
aslan-ır laʔa rix k'eʕan söxün-cü
pn - erg other road( a ) heart. adv a .forget. pfv - prf
‘Aslan forgot about the other road.’

Bulgarian zabravya

Valency pattern: SBJ_za
X: SBJ
Y: za
Locus: Y
Petăr e zabravi-l za drug-ia păt
pn be. prs .3 sg forget( pfv )- past . ptcp . m . sg for other- def . short . m . sg road
‘Petar forgot about the other road.’

Catalan oblidar

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
en Pere va oblid-ar l'altre camí
def . sg . m pn ( m ) go.3 sg . prs . ind forget- inf def . sg . m -other. sg . m road( m )
‘Pere forgot (about) the other road.’

Chechen AGR-ic-AGR-ala

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
Islam-ana vazh niaq’ b-ic-b-ella
pn - dat other way. abs b - pv - b -get. prf
‘Islam forgot about the other road.’

Chinese (Mandarin) wàngjì

Valency pattern: SUB_ba
X: SBJ
Y: ba
Locus: Y
Zhāngsān bǎ lìng yì-tiáo lù wàngjì le
pn ba another one- clf road forget pfv
‘Zhangsan forgot (about) the other road.’
Note: The status of the "bǎ"-construction is controversial.

Chirag ʁalat’ b-uχi

Valency pattern: SUPER_ABS
X: SUPER
Y: ABS
Locus: X
ma̰ħmad ʁalat’ uχ-ub-le nixːi
pn ( abs ) forget ( m . sg )become: pf - aor - res . prs .3 we. incl ( super )
‘We forgot about Mahamad!’

Croatian NEG + sjetiti se

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
Per-o se nije sjeti-o drug-og put-a
pn - nom . sg refl neg .be. prs .3 sg remember( pfv )- part . perf . m . sg other- gen . sg . m road- gen . sg
‘Pero forgot about the other road.’

Czech zapomenout

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Petr zapomně-l na tu druh-ou cest-u
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] forget( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] on that. f . acc . sg other- f . acc . sg road( f )- acc . sg
‘Petr forgot about that other road.’

Danish glemme

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Peter arbejde-de og glem-te tid-en
pn work- pst and forget- pst time( c )- def . sg
‘Peter worked and forgot about the time.’

Dargwa (Itsari) qum-eːrt-araj

Valency pattern: SUPER.LAT_CONT
X: SUPER.LAT
Y: CONT
Locus: XY
Islam-li-j cara xːun-ni-jčilla qum-eːrt-ur
pn - obl - super ( lat ) other road- obl - cont forget- lv . pfv - aor
‘Islam forgot about the other road.’

Dargwa (Kadar) qum-art-es / qum-irt-es

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
meħamad-li qum-art-un cerħ-il huni
pn - erg forget- lv . pfv - pret another- atr way
‘Muhammad forgot about the other road.’

Dargwa (Kaytag) qumurtara

Valency pattern: NOM_GENcevtar
X: NOM
Y: GENcevtar
Locus: Y
Petja-l itlil xune-la č:evt:ar qumert-ur
pn - erg other road. obl - gen about forget. pf - aor (3)
‘Petja forgot about the other road.’

Dargwa (Kubachi)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
gal-i sal xune qum et-ul=saw
boy- dat another road mind lv . pfv - pret . cnv = cop . m
‘The boy forgot about the other road.’

Dargwa (Tsudakhar) qːum k-art-iz/art-iz

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
uršːi-z it-il xuni qum k-art-ur
boy- dat dem . dist - cntrs road mind down -put- pret (3)
‘The boy forgot about the other road.’

Dargwa (Tsugni) qum k-art-i

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
rursːi-j ca=ra x:uni leb-ni qum k-art-ur
girl- dat one- add road cop . exst . n - msd mind down -put- pret (3)
‘The girl forgot about the other road.’
Note: The argument in the nominative is a nominalization (masdar).

Dutch vergeten

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Piet is de ander-e weg verget-en
pn (С) cop .3 sg art . def . c other- c road( c ) forget- ptcp
‘Piet forgot (about) the other road.’

Enets (Forest) dʲurota

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
modʲi kasa-jʔ nɛko nɔi-ta sɛxɛri-da dʲurota-bi-za
i man- nom . sg .1 sg other be_straight( ipfv )- ptcp . sim road- obl . sg .3 sg forget( pfv )- prf -3 sg . so sg
‘My friend forgot about another, straight road’.

English forget

Valency pattern: SBJ_about
X: SBJ
Y: about
Locus: Y
Peter forgot about the other road.

Estonian unustama

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
Peeter unusta-s teise tee
pn . sg . nom forget- pst .3 sg other. sg . gen road. sg . gen
‘Peeter forgot the other road.’

Finnish unohtaa

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: GEN~PART~NOM
Locus: TR
Pekka unoht-i toisen tie-n
pn . nom forget- pst .3 sg second. gen road- gen
‘Pekka forgot about the other road.’

French oublier

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Paul a oublié qu’ il existe un autre chemin
pn ( m ) have. prs .3 sg forget. pst . ptcp . m that it exist. prs .3 sg indf . sg . m other. sg . m road( m )
‘Paul forgot that there was another road.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed in a dependent clause. The transitive construction ("Paul a oublié l'autre chemin, plus proche") would have a differenr meaning (he forgot the specific way and was unable to follow the shorter road).

Gascon oblidè

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Pau oblidè qu’=existís un aute camin
pn forget. pst .3 sg . m that=exist. prs .3 sg indf . sg . m other. sg . m road
‘Pau forgot that there was another road.’
Note: Not included in the database because Y is expressed as an NP within a dependent clause.

Gban gbí … gà lè

Valency pattern: NA
X: *
Y: *
Locus: *
Zá̰ gbí ɛ́ gà=lè di̋ kȅkpa̋ nɔ̰́ là
pn breast 3 sg \ pst die[ pfv . hod ]= loc 2 road another that on
‘Zan forgot the other road.’
Note: Not included in the database because X is expressed as an NP-internal modifier.

Georgian Ø-a-vic'q'-d-eb-a (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
p'et're-s sxva-Ø gza-Ø da-Ø-a-vic'q'-d-a
pn - dat other- nom way- nom prv :downward- io 3- ver : sup -forget- intr - s 3 sg . pst
‘Petre forgot the other road.’

German vergessen

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Karl vergaß den ander-en Weg
pn [ nom . sg ] forget. pst .3 sg def . m . acc . sg another- m . acc . sg road[ acc . sg ]
‘Karl forgot about the other road.’

Hebrew (modern) ʃaχaχ

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Pinχas ʃaχaχ et ha dereχ ha aχeret
pn forget[ pst .3 sg . m ] do def road def other
‘Pinchas forgot (about) the other road.’

Hindi bhūl jānā

Valency pattern: DIR_OBLke.bare.me
X: DIR
Y: OBLke.bare.me
Locus: Y
Pratīk dūsr-ī saṛak ke bāre meṁ bhūl gay-ā
pn ( m ). sg . dir second- f road( f ). sg . obl adjz . m . sg . obl about in forget go. pfv - m . sg
‘Prateek forgot about the other road.’

Indonesian (standard) lupa

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Abdul lupa jalan yang lain
pn forget road rel other
‘Abdul forgot about the other road.’

Irish déan dearúd

Valency pattern: SBJ_ar
X: SBJ
Y: ar
Locus: Y
Dhein Pól dearúd air an mbóthar eile.
pst /make pn oblivion on def road other
‘Pól forgot (about) the other road.’

Italian dimenticarsi

Valency pattern: SBJ_di
X: SBJ
Y: di
Locus: Y
Leo si è dimenticat-o dell’ altr-a strad-a
pn ( m ) refl aux .3 sg . prs forget. pst . ptcp - sg . m of. def . sg . f other- sg . f road- sg . f
‘Leo forgot about the other road.’

Karata bečečaɬa

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
ʕalja cebal miq’e b-ečeč-a b-iχχu idja
pn . dat other. n road n -forget- pf n -remain. pf cop
‘Ali forgot about the other road.’

Kazakh umït

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petya basqa žol-dï umït-tï
pn other way- acc forget- pst 1.3 sg
‘Petya forgot about the other road.’

Khanty (Kazym) jŏrԑmǝti

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
pet’a-j-en wan jǫš-ǝλ jŏrԑmǝ-s-λe
pn - ep - poss .2 sg short road- poss .3 sg forget- pst -3 sg . so
‘Petja forgot about the short road.’

Khoekhoe ǀuru

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Petru-b ge nau dao-b-a ge ǀuru
pn -3 m . sg decl dist . contr road-3 m . sg - obl pst forget
‘Peter forgot about the other road.’

Khwarshi šuƛ'a

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
ilu-l bit'ura-l huni šuƛ'a-na
1 pl - dat correct- iv road( iv ) forget- pst . u
‘We forgot the right way.’

Komi-Permyak вунöтчыны

Valency pattern: NOM_vylis
X: NOM
Y: vylis
Locus: Y
Петя вунӧтч-и-с мӧдiк туй выл-ись
pn забыть- pret -3 sg второй дорога верх- ela
‘Петя забыл о другой дороге.’

Komi-Zyrian vi̮ne̮dni̮

Valency pattern: NOM_jilis
X: NOM
Y: jilis
Locus: Y
Pet'a vune̮d-i-s me̮d tuj ji̮l-i̮ś
pn forget- pret -3 second road top- ela
‘Petja forgot about the other road.’

Kpelle (Guinean) lɛ̌a

Valency pattern: SBJ_bha
X: SBJ
Y: bha
Locus: Y
Pépèe àá lɛ̀a Hɛ́ni ɓâ
pn 3 sg . prf forget pn on1
‘Pepee forgot Heni.’

Kryz (Alik) sauxvana varic

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
terlan-ir la sab rix sauxvana var-cu
pn - erg that one. f . nom road( f ) f .forget. cvb f .do. pfv - perf . f
‘Terlan forgot the other road.’

Kryz (Ismayilli) k'aʕar qaqhiric

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
aslan-ir lasab rix k'aʕar qaqhur-co
pn - erg other. f road heart. inel f .take_out. pf - perf . f
‘Aslan forgot about the other road.’

Kryz (proper) yik'aʕar soxono varic

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: NOM
Locus: TR
aslan-ir ciraʕa rix yik'-aʕar soxono vaa yaʕo
pn - erg other road heart- inel f .forget f .do. pf exist. f
‘Aslan forgot about the other road.’

Kumyk unutmaq

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: DO
Locus: TR
basir birisi jol-nu unut-ʁan
pn other road- acc forget- pf
‘Basir forgot the other road.’

Kurdish (Sorani) le bir̂ cûnewe

Valency pattern: EXT_SBJ.INTR
X: EXT
Y: SBJ.INTR
Locus: X
Hîwa rê kurt-eke=î le bîr çot-Ø-ewe
pn road short- def =3 sg . pc from thought go. pst -3 sg - asp
‘Hiwa forgot about the shorter road.’
Note: The 3SG.PC morpheme indexes the X argument, see the discussion of "EXT" in the Grammar notes. Lit. ≈ ‘Hiwa, to him the road is gone from memory’.

Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish) ji bîr kirin (tr)

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ.TR
Y: DO
Locus: TR
zilam riy-a din ji bîr kir
man road- ez . f another from memory do. pfv . sg
‘The man forgot the other road.’

Lak (Quba)

Valency pattern: DAT_SUPEL
X: DAT
Y: SUPEL
Locus: XY
Maħammad-lu-n qma b-itu-n b-uja ta-mur χːuldu-j-a
pn - obl - dat forget 3-leave- inf 3-be. pst .3 p be.other- contr .3 road- sup - el
‘Mohammad forgot about the other road.’

Latin obliviscor

Valency pattern: NOM_GEN
X: NOM
Y: GEN
Locus: Y
est enim propri-um stultiti-ae ali-orum viti-a cernere, oblivisc-i su-orum
be. prs . ind . act .3 sg indeed own- nom . sg . n foolishness( f )- dat . sg other- gen . pl . m vice( n )- acc . pl notice[ prs ]- inf . act forget[ prs ]- inf . act one’s_own- gen . pl . n
‘For it is characteristic to foolishness to notice the vices of others and to forget its own.’
Note: (Cic. Tusc. 3, 73)

Laz o-č'k'on-d-u

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Käzim-i-s hem gza-Ø g-Ø-o-č'k'on-d-u
pn - b - dat dem . dist way- nom prv - io 3- ver : sup -forget- intr - s 3 sg . pst
‘Käzim forgot that road.’

Lezgian (Yargun) rik’alaa alatin

Valency pattern: GEN_NOM
X: GEN
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Sahib-a-n rikˈ-a-laa micci reqh alat-nva
pn - obl - gen heart- obl - supel other way pass- prf
‎‎‎‘Sahib forgot about the other road.’
Note: The NP in the genitive displays some properties of a clause-level dependent.

Macedonian zaboravi

Valency pattern: SBJ_za
X: SBJ
Y: za
Locus: Y
Petar zaboravi za drugi-ot pat
pn forget( pfv ). aor .3 sg for other. m . sg - art . m . sg road( m ). sg
‘Petar forgot about the other road.’

Maltese nesa

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Ġwanni nesa t-triq l-oħra
pn forget. pf . m .3 sg def -road def -other
‘Ġwanni forgot the other road.’

Maninka (Eastern) ɲìna

Valency pattern: SBJ_la
X: SBJ
Y: la
Locus: Y
̀Sékù bára ɲìna síla sudun` ná.
pn prf forget road short\ art at
‘Seku has forgotten the short road.’

Mano lèmā

Valency pattern: SBJ_mo
X: SBJ
Y: mo
Locus: Y
ē lèmā ŋ̄ mɔ̀
3 sg . pst forget 1 sg on
‘S/he forgot about me.’

Mansi (Northern) xotjoruwlaslum

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
am l’ōŋx-um xot-joruwl-as-l-um
i road- poss .1 sg pfv -forget- pst -3 sg . o -1 sg . s
‘I forgot the road.’

Mehweb qumartes

Valency pattern: CONT.LAT_NOM
X: CONT.LAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
Pajzula-li-ze ittili huni qum-art-ul-le le-b
pn - obl - cont ( lat ) other road forget- lv : pfv - aor - cvb be- n
‘Pajzula forgot about the other road.’

Mingrelian Ø-o-č'q'or-d-un-Ø (PRS)

Valency pattern: DAT_ERG
X: DAT
Y: ERG
Locus: X
čelo-s šxva šara-k ga-Ø-a-č'q'or-d-(u)
pn - dat other road- erg prv - io 3- ver : sup -forget- intr - s 3 sg . pst
‘Chelo forgot the other road.’

Nanai oŋbo-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: OBL
Locus: TR
Petia goj-ǯema pokto-wa oŋbo-xa-ni
pn other- restr road- obl forget- pst - p .3 sg
‘Petia forgot about the other road.’

Nivkh tχar̥pəd

Valency pattern: SBJ_INS
X: SBJ
Y: INS
Locus: Y
Kaskazik hu cif-kir̥ tχar̥pə-d
pn close . dem road- ins forget- ind
‘Kaskazik forgot about the other road.’

Norwegian Bokmål å glemme

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Per hadde glem-t snarvei-en
pn have. pst forget- ptcp shortcut- def . m . sg
‘Per forgot about the shortcut.’

Oromo (West Central) irraanfata

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ABS
Locus: TR
obsaa-n karaa isa kan biraa irraanfat-ee dʒir-a
pn - nom road. abs 3 sg . m . abs of other. gen forget- pfv . conv aux -3 sg . m . npst
‘Obsa forgot the other road.’

Persian farāmūš kardan

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
ahmad jāde-ye dīgar-rā farāmūš kard
pn road- izaf other- acc forgotten do. pst .3 sg
‘Ahmad forgot about the other road.’

Polish zapomnieć

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Basi-a zapomnia-ł-a o t-ej drodz-e
pn - nom . sg forget: pfv - pst - f .3 sg about this- f . loc . sg road- loc . sg
‘Basia forgot about that road.’

Portuguese (Brazilian) esquecer-se

Valency pattern: SBJ_de
X: SBJ
Y: de
Locus: Y
Pedro se esquec-eu do outr-o caminho
pn ( m ) refl forget-3 sg . pst of+ def . m other- m way( m )
‘Pedro forgot about the other way.’

Romani (Kalderash) bystrəl

Valency pattern: NOM_pa
X: NOM
Y: pa
Locus: Y
o Murš-a bystər-ď-a pa kod-o drom
art . m . dir . sg pn - nom . sg forget- pst -3 sg with that- m . dir . sg road[ nom . sg ]
‘Murša forgot about the other road.’

Romanian a uita

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petru a uitat scurtătur-a
pn aux .3 sg forget. pst . ptcp shortcut- def . dir
‘Petru forgot about the shortcut.’

Russian zabytʹ

Valency pattern: NOM_oLOC
X: NOM
Y: oLOC
Locus: Y
Pet-ja zaby-l o drug-oj dorog-e
pn ( m )- nom . sg forget( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] about other- f . loc . sg road( f )- loc . sg
‘Petja forgot about the other road.’

Rutul (Kina) jik’ijla upχur

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
rasulɨ-s tin-baj-dɨ raˀq jik’ij-la u<p>χu-r
pn . obl - dat that- contr - attr road( nom ) heart. obl ( sup )- el <3> lv . pfv - cvb
‘Rasul forgot about the other road.’

Rutul (Mukhad) jik'ııla utχun

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
murad-ı-s mad-dı raˤqh jik'-ııla upχu-ri
pn - obl - dat other- attr road. nom ( a ) heart- superel a .forget. pf - aor
‘Murad forgot about the other road.’

Rutul (Myukhrek)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
mırad-ıs tin bayda raˁq yik'-ya upxhu-ri
pn - dat dist other road( a ) heart- inel a .fall. pf - aor
‘Murad forgot about the other road.’

Rutul (Shin-Borch) k'esqhuduxun

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
murad-ı-s ma-b-dı raˤqh k'esqhubuxu-r
pn - obl - dat other- a - attr road( a ) re . a .forget. pf - aor
‘Murad forgot about the other road.’

Rutul (Shinaz) hik'i-j upχu-n

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
basir-ɨs hik'i-j upχu-r tinbij-dɨ raˁqh
pn - dat heart. obl - super a (drop). pf - aor other- attr road( a )
‘Basir forgot (about) the other road.’

Saami (Skolt) väjldõõvvâd

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Peâtt väjldõõʹv-i tõn nuuʹbb čuõkku
pn . sg . nom forget- pst .3 sg dist . sg . acc other. sg . acc road. sg . acc
‘Pete forgot (about) the other road.’

Sagada šuƛ’a

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
pejzula-r šuƛ’-ii sideni huni
pn - dat forget- pst . w other road
‘Peyzula forgot about the other road.’

Serbian zaboraviti

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Petar je zaboravi-o na drug-i put
pn . nom . sg be. prs .3 sg forget- part . perf . m . sg on other- acc . sg . m road. acc . sg
‘Petar forgot about the other road.’

Shughni rinīx̌tow

Valency pattern: NOM.CL_EL
X: NOM.CL
Y: EL
Locus: Y
Azim=i as wi yiga půnd rinūx̌-t
pn =3 sg el d 3. m . sg . obl another road forget- pst
‘Azim forgot about the other road.’

Slovak zabudnúť

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Peter zabudo-l na druh-ú cest-u
pn ( m )[ nom . sg ] forget( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ] on other- f . acc . sg road( f )- acc . sg
‘Peter forgot about that other road.’

Slovenian pozabiti

Valency pattern: NOM_naACC
X: NOM
Y: naACC
Locus: Y
Peter je pozabi-l na pot
pn [ nom . sg ] aux .3 sg forget: pfv - lpt [ m . sg ] on road[ acc . sg ]
‘Peter forgot about the road.’

Spanish olvidarse

Valency pattern: DO_SBJ
X: DO
Y: SBJ
Locus: X
a Pedro se lo/le olvid-ó el otr-o camino
dir . obj . anm pn [ sg . m ] refl .3 sg he. dir . obj forget- aor .3 sg art . def . sg . m other- sg . m road[ sg . m ]
‘Pedro forgot about the other way.’

Svan x-eː-šd(ǝ)n-i (PRS/FUT)

Valency pattern: DAT_NOM
X: DAT
Y: NOM
Locus: X
maizer-s išgen šuk'w-Ø sga-la-x-äː-šdǝn
pn - dat other road- nom prv : inward - prv : slightly - io 3- ver : sup -forget
‘Maizer forgot the other road.’

Swedish att glömma bort

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Björn ha-de glöm-t bort den andr-a väg-en
pn have. pst forget- sup away def . c . sg other- weak way- def . c . sg
‘Björn had forgotten about the other road.’
Note: Phrasal verb (bort is not a flagging device).

Tabasaran (Kandyk)

Valency pattern: DAT_ABS
X: DAT
Y: ABS
Locus: X
fatima.ji-z vstreča k’aʔ-l-an ʁ-u<b>š-nu
pn - dat meeting( abs ) heart- super - elat pf -< n . sg >go- pst
‘Fatima forgot about the meeting.’

Tagalog makalimutan

Valency pattern: TR
X: ACT
Y: UND
Locus: TR
na-ka-limut-an ni Pedro ang iba pa-ng daan
pot . pfv - stem -forget- pv pers . gen pn subj other clitic- lin way
‘Pedro forgot about the other road.’
Note: The GEN encoding of the Y is also possible with different NPs, hence ACT_UND.

Telugu māracipōvu

Valency pattern: NOM_OBLgurinci
X: NOM
Y: OBLgurinci
Locus: Y
pravīṇ vērē rōḍḍu guriṁci māracipōyāḍu
pn ( m ). sg . nom other road( n ). sg . obl about forget. pst .3 sg . m
‘Praveen forgot about the other road.’

Tsakhur k’elıtхıniy

Valency pattern: ADEL_NOM
X: ADEL
Y: NOM
Locus: X
murad-ı-sse šenasa yaˁqh k’elipхın-na
pn - obl - adel other. a road( a ) a .forget. pf - a
‘Murad forgot about the other road.’

Tswana lebala

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
fa mo-tho a-batl-a se-ngwe o-lebal-a di-kotsi
when sg -person(1) s i :cl1-want- fv cl7- indef s i :cl1-forget- fv pl -danger(8/10)
‘When you want something you forget the dangers.’

Turkish unutmak

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Mehmet diğer yol-u unut-tu
pn other way- acc forget- pst
‘Mehmet forgot about the other road’.

Turoyo ṭoʕe

Valency pattern: SBJ.SS_DO.LS
X: SBJ.SS
Y: DO.LS
Locus: Y
Gabriyel ṭaʕi u darb-awo
pn forget. pfv .3 m art . m road- dem . m
‘Gabriyel forgot the road.’

Twi werεfiri

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: DO
Locus: TR
Kofi werε-firi-i kwan foforᴐ no
pn mind-remove- pst road other def
‘Kofi forgot the other road.’

Udi eyexun c'evk'es

Valency pattern: TR
X: ERG
Y: ABS/DAT
Locus: TR
Maksim-en q'erəz yaq'-a eyexun=e c'evk'-e
pn - erg other way- dat from_memory=3 sg take_out- perf
‘Maksim forgot about the other road.’

Udmurt vuneti̮ni̮

Valency pattern: NOM_NOMsaris
X: NOM
Y: NOMsaris
Locus: Y
Pet'a muket śures śari̮ś vunet-iz
pn . nom other way. nom about forget- pst .3 sg
‘Petja forgot about the other way.’

Ukrainian zabutysja

Valency pattern: NOM_proACC
X: NOM
Y: proACC
Locus: Y
Petr-o zabu-v-sja pro inš-u doroh-u
pn ( m )- nom . sg forget( pfv )- pst [ m . sg ]- refl about other- f . acc . sg road( f )- acc . sg
‘Petro forgot about the other road.’

Ulcha oŋbo-

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
xusə piktə goj pokto-wo oŋbo-xo-ni
male child other way- acc forget- pst -3 sg
‘The boy forgot about the other road.’

Uzbek esdan čiqarvolmoq

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Petya bošqa yo’l-ni es-dan čiqarvol-di
pn another road- acc memory- abl go_out- pst .3 sg
‘Petja forgot about the other road.’

Wolof fàtte

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ
Y: OBJ
Locus: TR
dama bañ nga fàtte ma
f oc v .s i :1 sg be.afraid s i :2 sg forget o i :1 sg
‘I’m afraid that you’ll forget me.’

Yukaghir (Northern) janaspǝjrǝ=

Valency pattern: TR
X: NOM
Y: ACC
Locus: TR
Sǝmiǝn wiǝ-n jаwul-ǝ mǝ jаnаspǝ-j-rǝ-m
pn other- gen road- acc aff forget- pf - caus - tr .3 sg
‘Semien forgot the other road.’

Zazaki

Valency pattern: TR
X: SBJ.TR
Y: DO
Locus: TR
ɛj raj-a vɛren-ə xo vir=ra kɛrd-a
3 sg . m . obl road- ez . f old- f . abs refl memory=from do. pst -3 sg . f
‘He forgot about the old road.’