‘move (bodypart)’
| Argument frame: |
X
(move)
Y
|
| Stimulus sentence: |
P.
moved
his finger
.
|
| Predicate label Ru: |
шевелить
|
| Argument frame Ru: |
X
(шевелить)
Y
-ом
|
| Stimulus sentence Ru: |
П.
пошевелил
пальцем
.
|
Abaza
rə.c̣əs
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| á-č’ḳʷən |
jə́-maĉ |
j-rə́-c̣s-ṭ |
|
def
-boy
|
3
sg
.
m
.
io
-finger
|
3
sg
.
m
.
erg
-
caus
-move(
aor
)-
dcl
|
| ‘The boy moved his finger.’ |
Adyghe (West Circassian)
ʁe-χəje
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| č̣ʼale-m |
ə-ʔeχʷambe |
q-ə-ʁe-χəja-ʁ |
|
guy-
obl
|
3
sg
.
pr
-finger(
abs
)
|
csl
-3
sg
.
erg
-
caus
-move(intr.)-
pst
|
| ‘The guy moved his finger.’ |
Aghul
t’ušar-q’.u-
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan.a |
t’ub-ar |
t’ušar-q’.u-ne |
|
pn
(
erg
)
|
finger-
pl
|
move-do.
pf
-
aor
|
| ‘Aslan moved his finger.’ |
Akhvakh (Northern)
korooruƛa
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| pataħi-de |
unk’a |
kora-ari |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger
|
move.
caus
-
aor
|
| ‘Patahi moved his finger.’ |
Andi (Zilo)
<b>-erʁ-oɬ.i-j
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ali-di |
ts’ek’a |
b-erʁ-oɬ.i-j |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger[
inan
1][
nom
]
|
inan
1-move-
caus
.
pst
-
pf
|
| ‘Ali moved his finger’ |
Arabic (Jewish Baghdadi)
ḥrk
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Abrahām |
ḥǝrrak-a |
lǝ-ṣbaˁǝt-u |
|
pn
|
move.
pf
.3
ms
-
o
.3
fs
|
to-finger-
poss
.3
ms
|
| ‘Abraham moved his finger.’ |
Arabic (Northern Syrian)
ḥarrak
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Aḥmad |
ḥarrak |
əṣbaʕ-u |
|
pn
|
move.
pfv
.3
m
|
finger-
poss
.3
m
|
| ‘Ahmad moved his finger.’ |
Arabic (South Levantine, Nazareth)
ḥ.r.k
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Shadi |
ḥarrak |
uṣbaʿ-o |
|
pn
|
move.
pst
.3
m
.
sg
|
finger-
poss
.3
m
.
sg
|
| ‘Shadie moved his finger.’ |
Arabic (standard)
ḥarraka
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Badr-un |
ḥarraka |
Ɂiṣbaʕ-a=hu |
|
pn
-
nom
|
move.
pf
.3
m
|
finger-
acc
=
p
.3
m
.
sg
|
| ‘Badr moved his finger.’ |
Archi
χːəriχː a-as
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| paša-mu |
gon |
χːəriχː |
a<b>u |
|
pn
-
obl
.
m
(
erg
)
|
finger
|
move
|
<3>do.
pfv
|
| ‘Pasha moved his finger.’ |
Armenian (Eastern)
šaržel
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DAT~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Petros-ə |
šaržec’ |
mat-ə |
|
pn
[
nom
]-
def
|
move:
aor
:3
sg
|
finger[
nom
]-
def
|
| ‘Petros moved his finger.’ |
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
maǧvəǧ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| brata |
muǧviǧ-é-la |
+suṗṗat-o |
|
girl(
f
)
|
move(tr).
pst
-
ss
(
o
).3
pl
-
ls
.3
f
|
finger(
f
).
pl
-
p
.3
f
|
| ‘The girl moved her finger.’ |
Avar
baʁaraqdizabize
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ʕali-ca |
kilššal |
r-aʁaraqd-izar-una |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger.
pl
.
nom
|
pl
-move-
caus
.
pl
-
aor
|
| ‘Ali moved his fingers.’ |
Azerbaijani
tǝrpǝtmək
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Aslan |
barmağı-nı |
tǝrpǝt-di |
|
pn
|
finger.
poss
3-
acc
|
move.
tr
-
pst
(3)
|
| ‘Aslan moved his finger.’ |
Bafut
tsᵼ́gᵼ́nᵼ̀
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| àmbɛ́ |
à |
kɨ̀ |
tsᵼ́gᵼ́nᵼ̀ |
nʃwèbô |
jì |
|
pn
|
sm
|
p
2
|
shake
|
finger
|
his
|
| ‘Ambe shook his finger.’ |
Bambara
lámàga
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Sékù |
ye |
à |
bólo` |
lámàga |
|
pn
|
pfv
.
tr
|
3
sg
|
hand\
art
|
move
|
| ‘Seku moved his hand.’ |
Bartangi
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Ahmed |
xu |
ingax̌t |
laqen-t |
|
pn
|
refl
|
finger
|
move-
pst
|
| ‘Ahmed moved his finger.’ |
Belarusian
pavarušyć
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Alieś |
pavarušy-ŭ |
paĺc-am |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
stir(
pfv
)-
pst
.
sg
.
m
|
finger-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Ales moved his finger.’ |
Budugh
qatar siʔi
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan-ır |
ug-a' |
t'il |
qavatar |
süʔür-cü |
|
pn
-
erg
|
refl
-
loc
|
finger(
a
)
|
a
.shake(
co
)
|
a
.do.
pfv
-
prf
|
| ‘Aslan moved his finger.’ |
Bulgarian
pomrădna
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Petăr |
pomrădna |
prăst |
|
pn
|
move(
pfv
).
aor
.3
sg
|
finger
|
| ‘Petar moved his finger.’ |
Catalan
moure
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| en |
Pere |
va |
mou-re |
el |
seu |
dit |
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
pn
(
m
)
|
go.3
sg
.
prs
.
ind
|
move-
inf
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
poss
.3.
m
.
sg
|
finger(
m
)
|
| ‘Pere moved his finger.’ |
Chechen
hwaa-AGR-a
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| Islam-as |
pelg |
hwabi-na |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger.
abs
|
move-
prf
|
| ‘Islam moved his finger.’ |
Chinese (Mandarin)
nuódòng
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Zhāngsān |
nuódòng |
le |
yīxià |
shǒuzhǐ |
|
pn
|
move
|
pfv
|
once
|
finger
|
| ‘Zhangsan moved his finger once.’ |
Chirag
b-urši b-aqi
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| ʡa̰li-le |
t’ul |
b-urš-i |
b-aq-ib |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger(
abs
)
|
n
.
sg
-move:
pf
-
inf
|
n
.
sg
-
caus
:
pf
-
aor
.3
|
| ‘Ali moved his finger.’ |
Croatian
micati
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Per-o |
je |
mica-o |
prst-ima |
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
move(
ipfv
)-
part
.
perf
.
m
.
sg
|
finger-
ins
.
pl
|
| ‘Pero was moving his fingers.’ |
Czech
pohnout
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr |
pohnu-l |
prst-em |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
move(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
finger(
m
)-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Petr moved his finger.’ |
Danish
bevæge
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Peter |
bevæge-de |
finger-en |
|
pn
|
move-
pst
|
finger(
c
)-
def
.
sg
|
| ‘Peter moved his finger.’ |
Dargwa (Itsari)
hak'-B-arq'-uj
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| Islam-il |
t'upː |
hak'-b-aˤrq'-ib |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger(
abs
)
|
move-
n
-
lv
.
pfv
-
aor
|
| ‘Islam moved his finger.’ |
Dargwa (Kadar)
šiš-CL-ar-es / šiš-CL-ir-es
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| meħamad-li |
t'ul |
šiš-b-ar-ib |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger
|
move-
n
-do.
pfv
-
pret
|
| ‘Muhammad moved his finger.’ |
Dargwa (Kaytag)
šiq’barara
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Petja-l |
t’up |
šiq’abar-iv |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger
|
n
.move.
pf
-
aor
(3)
|
| ‘Petja moved his finger.’ |
Dargwa (Kubachi)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| gal-di-l |
t'up |
hak'ar |
b-aq'-aj |
|
boy-
obl
-
erg
|
finger
|
id
.stir
|
n
-do.
pfv
-
aor
.3.
tr
|
| ‘The boy moved his finger.’ |
Dargwa (Tsudakhar)
šiq' b-arq'-iz/b-irq'-iz
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG/LOC(LAT) |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| uršːi-le |
t'ul |
šiq' |
b-arq'-ib |
|
boy-
erg
/
loc
(
lat
)
|
toe
|
id
.shift
|
n
-do.
pfv
-
pret
(3)
|
| ‘The boy moved his toe.’ |
Dargwa (Tsugni)
šiš b-arq'-i / b-irq'-i
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| durħaˤ-li |
kːamuli |
šiš |
b-arq'-ib |
|
boy-
erg
|
toe
|
id
.shift
|
n
-do.
pfv
-
pret
(3)
|
| ‘The boy moved his toe.’ |
Dutch
bewegen
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Piet |
bewoog |
zijn |
vinger |
|
pn
(
c
)
|
move.
pst
|
poss
.
c
.3
sg
|
finger(
c
)
|
| ‘Piet moved his finger.’ |
Enets (Forest)
buzida
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_LOC
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: LOC |
| Locus: Y |
| modʲi |
kasa-jʔ |
ŋo-lʲu |
tʃubaj-xone-da |
buzida-da |
|
i
|
man-
nom
.
sg
.1
sg
|
one-
restr
|
finger-
loc
.
sg
-
obl
.
sg
.3
sg
|
move(
pfv
)-
fut
.3
sg
.
s
|
| ‘My friend will move one finger’. |
English
move
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
Estonian
liigutama
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: GEN~PART~NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Peeter |
liiguta-s |
oma |
sõrme |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
move-
pst
.3
sg
|
poss
.
refl
|
finger.
sg
.
part
|
| ‘Peeter moved his finger.’ |
Finnish
liikuttaa
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_PART
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: PART |
| Locus: Y |
| Pekka |
liikutt-i |
sorme-a-an |
|
pn
.
nom
|
move-
pst
.3
sg
|
finger-
part
-
poss
.3
sg
|
| ‘Pekka moved his finger.’ |
French
remuer
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Paul |
a |
remué |
un |
doigt |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
have.
prs
.3
sg
|
move.
pst
.
ptcp
.
m
|
indf
.
sg
.
m
|
finger(
m
)
|
| ‘Paul moved his finger.’ |
Gascon
a remudat
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pau |
a |
remudat |
lo |
dit |
|
pn
|
have.
prs
.3
sg
|
move.
pst
.
ptcp
|
def
.
sg
.
m
|
finger
|
| ‘Pau moved the finger.’ |
Gban
fȉfi̋kȁ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Zá̰ |
y |
ä |
kwlɛ̰̋-wli̋ |
fȉfi̋-kȁ |
|
pn
|
3
sg
\
pst
|
s/he/it
|
finger-fruit
|
move-
caus
[
pfv
.
hod
]
|
| ‘Zan moved his finger.’ |
Georgian
ga-Ø-a-nʒrev-s (FUT)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| p'et're-m |
tit-i |
ga-Ø-a-nʒri-a |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger-
nom
|
prv
:outward-
do
3-
fact
-move-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
| ‘Petre moved his finger.’ |
German
bewegen
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Karl |
beweg-te |
den |
Finger |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
move-
pst
.3
sg
|
def
.
m
.
acc
.
sg
|
finger[
acc
.
sg
]
|
| ‘Karl moved his finger.’ |
Hebrew (modern)
heevir
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pinχas |
heevir |
et |
etsba-o |
|
pn
|
move[
pst
.3
sg
.
m
]
|
do
|
finger-
poss
.3
sg
.
m
|
| ‘Pinchas moved his finger.’ |
Hindi
calānā
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pratīk |
ne |
apn-ī |
uṁgl-ī |
calāy-ī |
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
obl
|
erg
|
own-
f
|
finger(
f
).
sg
.
dir
|
make_move.
pfv
-
f
.
sg
|
| ‘Prateek moved his finger.’ |
Indonesian (standard)
meng-goyang-kan
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Asep |
meng-goyang-kan |
jari-jari-nya |
|
pn
|
act
-shaky-
trns
|
finger~
pl
-3
sg
|
| ‘Asep moved his finger.’ |
Irish
bog
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Bhog |
Pól |
a |
mhéar. |
|
pst
/move
|
pn
|
poss
.3
sg
.
m
|
finger
|
| ‘Pól moved his finger.’ |
Italian
muovere
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Leo |
ha |
mosso |
un |
dit-o |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
aux
.3
sg
.
prs
|
move.
pst
.
ptcp
|
indf
.
sg
.
m
|
finger-
sg
.
m
|
| ‘Leo moved a finger.’ |
Karata
geraʁeraɬa
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| ʕali-l |
ɬic’el |
gera-ʁer-a |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger
|
move-move-
pf
|
| ‘Ali moved his finger.’ |
Kazakh
qozɣalt
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya |
sawsaq-tar-ï-n |
qozɣalt-tï |
|
pn
|
finger-
pl
-
poss
3-
acc
|
wiggle-
pst
1.3
sg
|
| ‘Petya moved his fingers.’ |
Khanty (Kazym)
ńǒχaλti
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pet’a-j-en |
λŭj-ǝλ |
ńǒχaλ-s-ǝλλe |
|
pn
-
ep
-
poss
.2
sg
|
finger-
poss
.3
sg
|
move-
pst
-3
sg
.
so
|
| ‘Petja moved his finger.’ |
Khoekhoe
gongon
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Petru-b |
ge |
ǁî-b |
ǀkhunu-b-a |
go |
gongon |
|
pn
-3
m
.
sg
|
decl
|
3-3
m
.
sg
|
finger-3
m
.
sg
-
obl
|
rpst
|
move
|
| ‘Peter moved his finger.’ |
Khwarshi
žužulaka
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| šamil-i |
ãhi-ba |
žužulak-ko |
gołe |
|
pn
-
erg
|
ear(
iv
)-
pl
.
abs
|
move-
prs
|
aux
.
prs
|
| ‘Shamil moved his ears.’ |
Komi-Permyak
вöрзьöтны
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Петя |
вӧрзьöт-і-с |
чунь-ез-на-с |
|
pn
|
пошевелить-
prt
-3
|
палец-
pl
-
ins
-
p
.3
|
| ‘Петя пошевелил пальцами.’ |
Komi-Zyrian
ve̮re̮di̮štni̮
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet'a |
ve̮re̮di̮št-i-s |
č́uń-nas |
|
pn
|
move-
pret
-3
|
finger-
ins
.
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petja moved his finger.’ |
Kpelle (Guinean)
túmuŋ
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| àá |
ɲèe |
kpúô |
túmuŋ |
|
3
sg
.
prf
|
3
sg
\hand
|
short\
l
|
move
|
| ‘He moved his finger.’ |
Kryz (Alik)
keuxhvara varic
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| terlan-ir |
ug |
t'il |
keuxhvara |
var-du |
|
pn
-
erg
|
refl
.
m
(
gen
)
|
finger(
f
)
|
f
.move.
mp
.
cvb
|
f
.do.
pfv
-
aor
.
f
|
| ‘Terlan moved his finger.’ |
Kryz (Ismayilli)
qetor varic
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan-ir |
ugura |
t'il |
qetor |
vor-d |
|
pn
-
erg
|
m
.
refl
.
gen
|
finger
|
f
.move
|
f
.do.
pf
-
aor
.
m
|
| ‘Aslan moved his finger.’ |
Kryz (proper)
köykuric
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| aslan-ir |
ug |
t'il |
köykur-du |
|
pn
-
erg
|
refl
.
m
|
finger(
f
)
|
f
.move.
pf
-
aor
.
f
|
| ‘Aslan moved his finger.’ |
Kumyk
terbetmek
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| mahammat |
barmaʁ-ɨn |
terbet-d-i |
|
pn
|
toe-3
sg
.
acc
|
move-
pst
-3
sg
|
| ‘Muhammad moved his toe.’ |
Kurdish (Sorani)
cûɫandin
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ.TR |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Hîwa |
qamk=î |
cuɫand-Ø |
|
pn
|
finger=3
sg
.
pc
|
move.
pst
-3
sg
|
| ‘Hiwa moved his finger.’ |
Kurmanji (Northern Kurdish)
hejandin (tr)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ.TR |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| zilam |
tili-ya |
xwe |
hejand |
|
man
|
finger-
ez
.
f
|
self
|
move.
pfv
.
sg
|
| ‘The man moved his finger.’ |
Lak (Quba)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: GEN |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Maħammad-lu-l |
sukːu |
b-und-i |
k'išːa |
|
pn
-
obl
-
gen
|
move
|
3-do.
aor
-3
p
|
finger(3)
|
| ‘Mohammad moved his finger.’ |
Latin
moveo
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| nec |
labr-a |
move-s, |
cum |
mitt-ere |
voc-um |
debu-eri-s |
|
and_not
|
lip(
n
)-
acc
.
pl
|
move[
prs
.
ind
]-
act
.2
sg
|
when
|
emit[
prs
]-
inf
.
act
|
voice(
f
)-
acc
.
sg
|
have_to-
prf
.
sbjv
-
act
.2
sg
|
| ‘... without moving the lips, even though you had to make a sound.’ |
| Note: (Juv. 13, 114) |
Laz
o-nk'an-(ap)-u
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Käzim-i-k |
k'it'-i |
d-Ø-o-nk'an-u |
|
pn
-
b
-
erg
|
finger-
nom
|
prv
-
do
3-
fact
-move-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
| ‘Käzim moved (his) finger.’ |
Lezgian (Yargun)
uzurin
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Sahib-a |
tˈub |
uzu-r-na |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger
|
shake.
op
-
caus
-
aor
|
| ‘Sahib moved his finger.’ |
Macedonian
mrdne
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_so
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: so |
| Locus: Y |
| Petar |
mrdna |
so |
prst-ot |
|
pn
|
move(
pfv
).
aor
.3
sg
|
with
|
finger(
m
).
sg
-
art
.
m
.
sg
|
| ‘Petar moved his finger.’ |
Maltese
ċaqlaq
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Ġwanni |
ċaqlaq |
sebgħu |
|
pn
|
move.
pf
.
m
.3
sg
|
finger.
poss
.
m
.3
sg
|
| ‘Ġwanni moved his finger.’ |
Maninka (Eastern)
lámàa
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Sékù |
kà |
à |
bólo-koyinɛn` |
ná-màa. |
|
pn
|
aor
.
tr
|
3
sg
|
hand-finger\
art
|
caus
-move
|
| ‘Seku moved his finger.’ |
Mano
vṵ́ ɓō
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| āà |
ē |
kɔ̀ |
vṵ́ |
ɓō |
|
3
sg
.
prf
|
3
sg
.
refl
|
arm
|
movement
|
remove
|
| ‘S/he has moved her hand.’ |
| Note: The Mano sentence contains a complex predicate, which includes a nominal and a verbal part (see Grammar notes above). |
Mansi (Northern)
n’uwitas
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| am |
pol’am |
tul’ōwl-ǝt-ǝl |
n’uwit-as-um |
|
1
sg
|
cold
|
finger-
pl
-
ins
|
move-
pst
-1
sg
|
| ‘I moved my cold fingers.’ |
Mehweb
šːiš -aqʼas
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| Islam-ini |
šːiš |
b-aqʼ-ib |
tʼul |
|
pn
-
erg
|
move
|
n
-do:
pfv
-
pst
|
finger
|
| ‘Islam moved his finger.’ |
| Note: Gender agreement is controlled by Y. |
Mingrelian
Ø-u-kanc-u-an-s (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
ERG_DAT
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: DAT |
| Locus: Y |
| čelo-k |
k'it-i-s |
ku-d-Ø-u-kanc-u |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger-
b
-
dat
|
aff
-
prv
-
io
3-
ver
:
o
-move-
s
3
sg
.
pst
|
| ‘Chelo moved his finger.’ |
Nanai
tujŋku-
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petia |
čumčuən-ǯi-i |
tujŋku-xə-ni |
|
pn
|
finger-
ins
-
p
.
refl
.
sg
|
sway-
pst
-
p
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petia moved his finger.’ |
Nivkh
eɲŋawd
|
Valency pattern:
NA
|
| X: * |
| Y: * |
| Locus: * |
| Kaskazik |
tuɲm-ɣir̥ |
eɲŋaɲŋa-d |
|
pn
|
finger-
ins
|
touch-
ind
|
| ‘Kaskazik touched his finger.’ |
| Note: Not included in the database because this translation is semantically inaccurate. |
Norwegian Bokmål
å bevege
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Per |
beveg-de |
finger-en |
|
pn
|
move-
pst
|
finger-
def
.
m
.
sg
|
| ‘Per moved his finger.’ |
Oromo (West Central)
sottʃoosa
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| obsaa-n |
k'uba |
isaa |
sottʃoos-e |
|
pn
-
nom
|
finger.
abs
|
3
sg
.
m
.
poss
|
move.
caus
-3
sg
.
m
.
pfv
|
| ‘Obsa moved his finger.’ |
Persian
tekān dādan
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| ahmad |
angošt-aš-rā |
tekān |
dād |
|
pn
|
finger-
encl
.3
sg
-
acc
|
push
|
give.
pst
.3
sg
|
| ‘Ahmad moved his finger.’ |
Polish
poruszyć
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Andrzej |
poruszy-ł |
palc-em |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
move:
pfv
-
pst
[
m
.3
sg
]
|
finger-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Andrzej moved his finger.’ |
Portuguese (Brazilian)
mover
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
mov-eu |
o |
dedo |
|
pn
(
m
)
|
move-3
sg
.
pst
|
def
.
m
|
finger(
m
)
|
| ‘Pedro moved the finger.’ |
Romani (Kalderash)
mištil
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| o |
Murš-a |
mišti-l |
le |
naj-anca |
|
art
.
m
.
dir
.
sg
|
pn
-
nom
.
sg
|
move-
prs
.3
sg
|
art
.
pl
|
finger-
ins
.
pl
|
| ‘Murša is moving his fingers.’ |
Romanian
a mișca
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petru |
și-a |
mișcat |
deget-ul |
|
pn
|
refl
.
dat
-
aux
.3
sg
|
move.
pst
.
ptcp
|
finger-
def
.
dir
|
| ‘Petru moved the finger.’ |
Russian
poševelitʹ
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Pet-ja |
poševeli-l |
palʹc-em |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
stir(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
finger(
m
)-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Petja moved his finger.’ |
Rutul (Kina)
χibga wɨɁɨr
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| rasul-a |
t’ili |
χ-i<b>g-a |
w-ɨɁɨ-r |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger(
nom
)
|
pv
-<3>move-
imp
|
3-do.
pfv
-
cvb
|
| ‘Rasul moved his finger.’ |
Rutul (Mukhad)
sit'e hıʔın
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| murad-a |
t'ili |
sip'e |
vıʔı-ri |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger(
a
)
|
a
.move
|
a
.do.
pf
-
aor
|
| ‘Murad moved his finger.’ |
Rutul (Myukhrek)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| duxvar-a |
t'iliy |
sikk |
hap'ı-ri |
|
son.
obl
-
erg
|
finger(
a
)
|
move
|
a
.do.
pf
-
aor
|
| ‘The son moved his finger.’ |
Rutul (Shin-Borch)
sıˤyıˤlʔaˤ hıʔın
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| murad-a |
t'iliy |
sıˤvıˤlʔaˤ |
havʔı-r |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger(
a
)
|
a
.quake.
ipf
|
a
.do.
pf
-
aor
|
| ‘Murad moved his finger.’ |
Rutul (Shinaz)
sit' hɨʔɨ-n
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| basir |
sip' |
havʔɨ-r |
t'ili |
|
pn
(
erg
)
|
a
.move.
cov
|
a
.do.
pf
-
aor
|
finger(
a
)
|
| ‘Basir moved his finger.’ |
Saami (Skolt)
likktõõllâd
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Peâtt |
likktõõl-i |
suõrm-es |
|
pn
.
sg
.
nom
|
move-
pst
.3
sg
|
finger.
sg
.
acc
-
poss
.3
sg
|
| ‘Pete moved his finger.’ |
Sagada
k’ek’ra
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| ʕale |
k’ek’r-ii |
baši-bi |
|
pn
.
erg
|
move-
pst
.
w
|
finger-
pl
.
abs
|
| ‘Ali moves his finger.’ |
Serbian
mrdnuti
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petar |
je |
mrdnu-o |
prst-om |
|
pn
.
nom
.
sg
|
be.
prs
.3
sg
|
move-
part
.
perf
.
m
.
sg
|
finger-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Petar moved his finger.’ |
Shughni
ǰumbentow
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM.CL |
| Y: OBL |
| Locus: TR |
| Šamil=i |
xu |
angix̌t |
ǰumben-t |
|
pn
=3
sg
|
refl
|
finger
|
move-
pst
|
| ‘Shamil moved his finger.’ |
Slovak
pohnúť
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter |
poho-l |
svoj-ím |
prst-om |
|
pn
(
m
)[
nom
.
sg
]
|
move(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
one's-
m
.
ins
.
sg
|
finger(
m
)-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Peter moved his finger.’ |
Slovenian
migniti
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_zINS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: zINS |
| Locus: Y |
| Peter |
je |
migni-l |
s |
palc-em |
|
pn
[
nom
.
sg
]
|
aux
.3
sg
|
move:
pfv
-
lpt
[
m
.
sg
]
|
with
|
finger-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Peter moved his finger.’ |
Spanish
mover
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Pedro |
movi-ó |
un |
dedo |
|
pn
[
sg
.
m
]
|
move-
aor
.3
sg
|
art
.
ndef
.
sg
.
m
|
finger[
sg
.
m
]
|
| ‘Pedro moved a finger.’ |
Svan
a-Ø-ktun-e (PRS)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| maizer-d |
pxule-Ø |
ad-Ø-kutwn-e |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger-
nom
|
prv
:
dist
-
do
3-move-
pst
|
| ‘Maizer moved his finger.’ |
Swedish
att röra
|
Valency pattern:
SBJ_pa
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: pa |
| Locus: Y |
| Björn |
rör-de |
på |
fingr-et |
|
pn
|
move-
pst
|
on
|
finger-
def
.
n
.
sg
|
| ‘Björn moved his finger.’ |
Tabasaran (Kandyk)
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS |
| Locus: TR |
| maˁhaˁmad-ǯi |
tub-ar |
ʁ-iris̊-nu |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger-
pl
(
abs
)
|
(
h
.
sg
)move-
pst
|
| ‘Mahamad moved (his) fingers.’ |
Tagalog
galawin
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ACT |
| Y: UND |
| Locus: TR |
| g<in>alaw |
ni |
Pedro |
ang |
kaniya-ng |
daliri |
|
<
pv
>
pfv
.move
|
pers
.
gen
|
pn
|
subj
|
3.
sg
.
dat
-
lin
|
finger
|
| ‘Pedro moved his finger.’ |
Telugu
kadupu
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| pravīṇ |
tana |
vēli-ni |
kadipāḍu |
|
pn
(
m
).
sg
.
nom
|
own
|
finger(
n
).
sg
.
obl
-
acc
|
move.
pst
.3
sg
.
m
|
| ‘Praveen moved his finger.’ |
Tsakhur
iğitkıriy
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: NOM |
| Locus: TR |
| murad-ee |
t’ub |
iğivkar |
havʔu |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger(
a
)
|
a
.move.
ipf
|
a
.do.
pf
|
| ‘Murad moved his finger.’ |
Tswana
tshikinya
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| a |
o-ka-tshikiny-a |
di-tsebe |
tsa-gago |
|
q
|
s
i
:2
sg
-
pot
-move-
fv
|
pl
-ear(8/10)
|
cl8/10.
gen
-2
sg
.
pro
|
| ‘Can you move your ears?’ |
Turkish
kıpırdatmak
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Mehmet |
parmağ-ı-nı |
kıpırdat-tı |
|
pn
|
finger-
p
.3-
acc
|
wiggle-
pst
|
| ‘Mehmet moved his finger.’ |
Turoyo
mobəl w amṭe
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Gabriyel |
mbe-le |
w |
amṭe-le |
ṣawʕ-e |
|
pn
|
take_away.
pfv
-
ls
.3
m
|
and
|
bring.
pfv
-
ls
.3
m
|
finger(
m
)-
p
.3
m
|
| ‘Gabriyel moved his finger.’ |
Twi
keka
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| Kofi |
keka-a |
ne |
nsatea |
|
pn
|
move-
pst
|
3
sg
.
poss
|
finger
|
| ‘Kofi moved his finger.’ |
Udi
galdes
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: ERG |
| Y: ABS/DAT |
| Locus: TR |
| Alisa-n |
k'əşə-moğ-o |
gal=e=d-i |
|
pn
-
erg
|
finger-
pl
-
dat
|
move=3
sg
=
lv
-
aor
|
| ‘Alisa moved his finger.’ |
Udmurt
vi̮r(je)ti̮ni̮
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Pet'a |
č́ińi̮-ze |
vi̮rt-iz |
|
pn
.
nom
|
finger-
poss
.3
sg
.
acc
|
move-
pst
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petja moved his finger.’ |
Ukrainian
povorušyty
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| Petr-o |
povorušy-v |
pal’c-em |
|
pn
(
m
)-
nom
.
sg
|
stir(
pfv
)-
pst
[
m
.
sg
]
|
finger(
m
)-
ins
.
sg
|
| ‘Petro moved his finger.’ |
Ulcha
tunči-
|
Valency pattern:
NOM_INS
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: INS |
| Locus: Y |
| xusə |
piktə |
čumuču-ǯi |
tunči-xə-ni |
|
male
|
child
|
finger-
ins
|
touch-
pst
-3
sg
|
| ‘The boy moved his finger.’ |
Uzbek
qo’zɣatmoq
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Petya |
barmog-i-ni |
qo’zɣat-ti |
|
pn
|
finger-
poss
.3
sg
-
acc
|
move-
pst
.3
sg
|
| ‘Petja moved his finger.’ |
Wolof
yëngal
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ |
| Y: OBJ |
| Locus: TR |
| ndax |
mën |
nga |
yëngal |
sa-y |
nopp |
|
q
|
be.able
|
prf
.s
i
:2
sg
|
move
|
poss
:2
sg
-cl
y
|
ear(
b
)
|
| ‘Can you move your ears?’ |
Yukaghir (Northern)
čaɣadˈǝs=
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: NOM |
| Y: ACC |
| Locus: TR |
| Sǝmiǝn |
tudǝ |
sisha |
čаɣаdˈǝ-s-mǝ-lǝ |
|
pn
|
3
sg
.
poss
|
finger
|
move-
caus
-
tr
-
of
.3
sg
|
| ‘Semien moved his finger.’ |
Zazaki
|
Valency pattern:
TR
|
| X: SBJ.TR |
| Y: DO |
| Locus: TR |
| ɛj |
bet͡ʃɨk-a |
xo |
lɛwna-jɛ |
|
3
sg
.
m
.
obl
|
finger-
ez
.
f
|
refl
|
move.
pst
-
f
.
abs
|
| ‘He moved his finger.’ |